Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade "neomura" Cavalier-Smith 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade neokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 1993 - mitochondrial eukaryotes
Clade neozoa Cavalier-Smith 1993
Clade scotokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 2000
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Chondrichthiomorphi
Class Chondrichthyes Huxley, 1880 - cartilaginous fishes
Subclass Elasmobranchii Bonaparte, 1838 - shark-like fishes
Infraclass Euselachii Hay, 1902 - sharks and rays, and related fossils
Division Neoselachii Compagno, 1977
Subdivision Batoidea - rays
Order Myliobatiformes Compagno, 1973 - stingrays
Suborder Myliobatoideiᵀ Compagno, 1973
Superfamily Dasyatoidea Whitley, 1940
Family Myliobatidae Bonaparte, 1835
Subfamily Mobulinae (Gill, 1893) - manta and devil rays
Genus Mobulaᵀ Rafinesque, 1810
1 Mobula eregoodootenkee Garman, 1913 - devil ray
2 Mobula hypostoma (Bancroft, 1831) - devil ray
3 Mobula japanica (Müller & Henle, 1841) - spinetail mobula
4 Mobula kuhlii (Müller & Henle, 1841) - lesser devilray
5 Mobula mobular (Bonnaterre, 1788) - devil fish
6 Mobula munkiana Notarbartolo-di-Sciara, 1987 - Munk's devil ray
7 Mobula rochebrunei (Vaillant, 1879) - lesser Guinean mobula
8 Mobula tarapacana (Philippi, 1893) - Chilean devil ray
9 Mobula thurstoni (Lloyd, 1908) - smooth-tail mobula