[organisms] see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Pisces
     Class Osteichthyes Huxley, 1880 - bony fishes see [unranked] Euteleostomi
       Order Perciformes Rafinesque, 1810 - perches
         Family Centrolophidae - medusafishes
           Genus Centrolophus Lacepède, 1802
             Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1789) - black ruff