Pan-Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   [crown] Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
     [crown] Eukarya R. Creti, F. Citarella, O. Tiboni, A. Sanangelantoni, P. Palm & P. Cammarano 1991 [Simpson 2020] see Domain Eukarya Chatton, 1925
       [crown] Archaeplastida Adl et al. 2005 [Simpson 2020]
         [crown] Viridiplantae Cavalier-Smith 1981 [Mishler, Hall, McCourt, Karol, Delwiche & Lewis 2020] see Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981)
           [crown] Charophyta Migula 1897 [Karol, McCourt, Mishler, Delwiche & Hall 2020]
             [crown] Phragmoplastophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Hall, McCourt, Delwiche, Mishler & Karol 2020]
               [crown] Embryophyta Engler 1887 [Mishler & Qiu 2020]
                 Pan-Tracheophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
                   Apo-Tracheophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
                     [crown] Tracheophyta Sinnott 1935 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020] see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
                       Pan-Euphyllophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
                         [crown] Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
                           Pan-Spermatophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
                             Apo-Spermatophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
                               [crown] Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020] see Phylum Spermatophyta Goebel (1882)
                                 Pan-Gnetophyta Doyle, Donoghue & Cantino 2007 [Doyle, Donoghue & Cantino 2020]
                                   1 [crown] Gnetophyta Bessey 1907 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020] see Class Gnetopsida Eichler ex Kirpot. (1884)