Phylum Magnoliophyta Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996) see Infraphylum Angiospermae auct.
   Class Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
     Subclass Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht. (1967) - angiosperms
       Superorder Piperanae Reveal (1994) see Order Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
         Order Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
           Family Piperaceae Giseke (1792), nom. cons. - pepper family
             Genus Piper L. (1753)