Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
   Neognathae Pycraft 1900 see Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
     Neoaves Sibley et al. 1988 see Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
       [Order] Passeriformes Linnaeus, 1758
         oscines see Suborder Oscines
           Passerida - passeridans see Parvorder Passerida (C. Linnaeus, 1758) Sibley et al., 1988
             Passeroidea
               Family Emberizidae Vigors, 1825 - buntings, American sparrows and allies
                 Subfamily Emberizinae see Family Emberizidae Vigors, 1825
                   Genus Incaspiza Ridgway, 1898
                     1 Incaspiza pulchra (P.L. Sclater, 1886) - great Inca-finch
                     2 Incaspiza personata (Salvin, 1895)
                     3 Incaspiza ortizi J.T. Zimmer, 1952
                     4 Incaspiza laeta (Salvin, 1895)
                     5 Incaspiza watkinsi Chapman, 1925