Mammaliaformes Rowe 1988
   [crown] Mammalia Linnaeus 1758 [Rowe 1988], nom. cl. inval. see Class Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758
     Theriimorpha Rowe 1993
       [crown] Theria Parker & Haswell 1897 [McKenna 1975] see Subclass Theria Parker & Haswell, 1897
         Eutheria Gill 1872 [O'Leary, Allard, Novacek, Meng & Gatesy 2004] see Infraclass Eutheria Gill, 1872
           [crown] Placentalia Owen 1837 [O'Leary, Allard, Novacek, Meng & Gatesy 2004] see Cohort Placentalia Owen, 1837
             [crown] Epitheria McKenna 1975
               1[L] [crown] Afrotheria Stanhope, Waddell, Madsen, de Jong, Hedges, Cleven, Kao & Springer 1998 see Magnorder Afrotheria Stanhope, Waddell, Madsen, de Jong, Hedges, Cleven, Kao & Springer, 1998
               2[N] [crown] Boreoeutheria Springer & de Jong 2001 see Magnorder Boreoeutheria Springer & de Jong, 2001