Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
             Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
               Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                 Clade natates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                   Clade photaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                     Clade eucorta Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                       Superkingdom Corticata Lankester, 1878 - corticates
                         Kingdom Chromista Caval.-Sm. (1981) - chromists
                           Subkingdom Harosa Cavalier-Smith, 2010
                             [crown] Clade Sar Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson & Dunthorn 2020]
                               Infrakingdom Halvaria Cavalier-Smith, 2010
                                 Superphylum Alveolata Cavalier-Smith, 1991
                                   Phylum Ciliophora Doflein, 1901 - ciliates
                                     Subphylum Intramacronucleata Lynn, 1996 - amphiesmates
                                       Class Spirotrichea Bütschli, 1889
                                         1 Subclass Protocruziidia de Puytorac et al., 1987 [monotypic]
                                         2 Subclass Phacodiniidia Small & Lynn, 1985 [monotypic]
                                         3 Subclass Licnophoria Corliss, 1957 [monotypic]
                                         4 Subclass Hypotrichia (Stein, 1859) Cavalier-Smith, 1993
                                         5 Subclass Choreotrichia Small & Lynn, 1985
                                         6 Subclass Stichotrichia Small & Lynn, 1985
                                         7 Subclass Oligotrichia Bütschli, 1889 [monotypic]