Phylum Magnoliophyta Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. ex Reveal (1996) see Infraphylum Angiospermae auct.
   Class Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
     Subclass Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht. (1967) - angiosperms
       Superorder Rafflesianae Thorne ex Reveal (1996) see Order Malpighiales Juss. ex Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
         Order Hydnorales Takht. ex Reveal (1992) see Order Piperales Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
           1 Family Hydnoraceae C.Agardh (1821), nom. cons. - Hydnora family see Family Aristolochiaceae Juss. (1789), nom. cons.