Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade "neomura" Cavalier-Smith 1987
             Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
               Clade neokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 1993 - mitochondrial eukaryotes
                 Clade neozoa Cavalier-Smith 1993
                   Superkingdom Corticata Lankester, 1878
                     Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
                       Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants
                         Infrakingdom Streptophyta C. Jeffrey (1967)
                           Superphylum Charophyta Migula (1890) [monotypic]
                             Phylum Charophytaᵀ Rabenhorst (1863) [paraphyletic]
                               Class Conjugatophyceae sedis mutabilis
                                 Order Zygnematales [paraphyletic] - filamentous conjugates and saccoderm desmids
                                   Family Mesotaeniaceae [polyphyletic]
                                     1 ?Genus Spirotaenia Bréb. ex Ralfs (1848)
                                     2 Genus Ancylonema Berggr. (1871) [monotypic]
                                     3 Genus Cylindrocystis Meneghini ex de Bary (1858)
                                     4 Genus Geniculus Prescott (1967) [monotypic]
                                     5 Genus Mesotaeniumᵀ Nägeli (1849)
                                     6.1 Genus Netrium (Nägeli) Itzigs. & Rothe (1856)
                                     6.2 Genus Nucleotaenium A.A. Gontcharov & M. Melkonian (2010)
                                     6.3 Genus Planotaenium (Ohtani) Petlovany & Palamar-Mordvintseva (2009)
                                     7 Genus Roya West & G.S. West (1896)
                                     8 Genus Tortitaenia (Brook) Brook