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Taxon: Suborder Astrophorina Sollas, 1888 (sponge)
Classification by:

Natura - nature
   actualia - actual entities
     Mundus Plinius - physical world
       naturalia - natural bodies
         [crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
           Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
             Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
               Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                 Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
                   Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
                     [crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
                       [crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
                         [crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
                           Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
                             Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
                               Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
                                 Phylum Porifera Grant, 1836 [coordinate rank] - sponges
                                   Silicispongia Schmidt, 1862
                                     [crown] Class Demospongiae Sollas, 1885 - demosponges
                                       Subclass Heteroscleromorpha Cárdenas, Pérez & Boury-Esnault, 2012
                                         Order Tetractinellida Marshall, 1876
                                           Suborder Astrophorina Sollas, 1888
                                             1 Genus †Ungulaspongia Mostler, 1996, incertae sedis
                                             2 Genus †Arthaberia Siemiradzki, 1915, incertae sedis
                                             3 Genus †Fusiferella de Laubenfels, 1955, incertae sedis
                                             4 Family †Costamorphiidae Mostler, 1986 [monotypic]
                                             5 Family †Paelospongiidae Mostler, 1986
                                             6 Family †Cephaloraphiditidae Reid, 1968
                                             7.1 Family †Helminthophyllidae Schrammen, 1936 [monotypic]
                                             7.2 Family †Scolioraphididae Zittel, 1879
                                             8 Family Thrombidae Sollas, 1887
                                             9.1 Family Thoosidae Cockerell, 1925
                                             9.2.1 Family Theneidae Gray, 1872
                                             9.2.2.1 Family Vulcanellidae Cárdenas, Xavier, Reveillaud, Schander & Rapp, 2011
                                             9.2.2.2.1 Family Ancorinidae Schmidt, 1870
                                             9.2.2.2.2.1 Family Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875
                                             9.2.2.2.2.2.1 Family Geodiidae Gray, 1867
                                             9.2.2.2.2.2.2 Family Calthropellidae Lendenfeld, 1906 [monotypic]

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Last updated: 1 Feb 2024