Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
   Gnathostomata
     Teleostomi
       Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
         Class Amphibia Gray, 1825 [paraphyletic]
           modern amphibian orders
             Order Urodela Dumeril, 1806 see Order Caudata Scopoli, 1777
               1 Suborder †Karauroidea Estes, 1981 [monotypic]
               2 Suborder †Prosirenoidea Estes, 1981 [monotypic]
               3 Suborder Cryptobranchoidea Dunn, 1922 see [unranked] Cryptobranchoidei Noble, 1931
               4 Suborder Proteoidea
               5 Suborder Amphiumoidea [monotypic]
               6 Suborder Ambystomatoidea see Order Caudata Scopoli, 1777
               7 Suborder Plethodontoidea [monotypic]
               8 Suborder Salamandroidea Sarasin, 1890 see Order Caudata Scopoli, 1777