Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
   Gnathostomata
     Teleostomi
       Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
         Class Amphibia Gray, 1825 [paraphyletic]
           modern amphibian orders
             Order Urodela Dumeril, 1806 see Order Caudata Scopoli, 1777
               Suborder Plethodontoidea [monotypic]
                 1 Family Plethodontidae Gray, 1850