Period: 444 million to 428 million years ago.
Fishes (9)
Entire range
†Pterospathodus (Genus) Walliser, 1964
Within limits
†Anaspida (Order) Traquair see (Class) †Anaspida Traquair - anaspids
Chondrichthyes ([unranked]) Huxley, 1880
†Conodonta (Superclass) Eichenberg, 1930 see (Class) †Conodonta Eichenberg, 1930 - conodonts
†Distacodontina (Order)
†Galeaspida ([unranked]) - galeaspids
†Hibbardellina (Order)
†Osteostraci ([unranked]) Lankester, 1868
Pisces (Superclass) Linnaeus, 1758 - fishes
Vertebrates (6)
Within limits
†Anaspida (Superclass) Traquair see (Superclass) †Anaspidomorphi
†Heterostraci ([unranked]) Lankester, 1868 - heterostracans
†Thelodonti (Superclass) Jaekel, 1911 see (Superclass) †Thelodontomorphi Jaekel, 1911 - thelodonts
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812 see (Infraphylum) Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Vertebrata (Phylum) Lamarck, 1801 see (Infraphylum) Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801
Vertebrata ([unranked]) Lamarck, 1801 see (Infraphylum) Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Echinoderms (30)
Upper limit
†Paracrinoidea (Class) Regnell, 1945
Within limits
Asteroidea (Class) Blainville, 1830 - sea stars
Asteroidea (Subclass) Blainville, 1830 see (Class) Asteroidea Blainville, 1830 - starfishes
Asterozoa (Subphylum) von Zittel, 1895 see (Infraphylum) Asterozoa von Zittel, 1895
†Blastoidea (Class) Say, 1825
†Blastozoa (Subphylum) Sprinkle, 1973 see (Infraphylum) †Blastozoa Sprinkle, 1973
†Camerates (Subclass)
†carpoids ([unranked]) see (Class) †Carpoidea Jaekel, 1918
Crinoidea (Class) Miller, 1821 - sea lilies and feather stars
Crinozoa (Subphylum) Matsumoto, 1929 see (Infraphylum) Crinozoa Matsumoto, 1929
†Cyclocystoidea (Class) Miller & Gurley, 1895
†Diploporita (Class) Müller, 1854
†Echinocystitoida (Order) Jackson, 1912
Echinodermata (Phylum) Bruguière, 1789 - echinoderms
Echinoidea (Class) (Leske, 1778) - sea urchins and sand dollars
Echinozoa (Subphylum) von Zittel, 1895 see (Infraphylum) Echinozoa Haeckel, in Von Zittell, 1895
†Edrioasteroidea (Class) Billings, 1858
†Eocrinoidea (Class) Jaekel, 1918
†Flexibles (Subclass)
Holothuroidea (Class) (de Blainville, 1834) - sea cucumbers
†Homalozoa (Subphylum) Whitehouse, 1941
†Homoiostelea (Class) Gill & Caster, 1960
†Inadunates (Subclass)
†Ophiocistioidea (Class) (Sollas, 1899)
Ophiuroidea (Class) Gray, 1840 - brittle stars and basket stars
Ophiuroidea (Subclass) Gray, 1840 see (Class) Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840 - brittle stars
Platyasterida (Order) Spencer, 1951
†Rhombifera (Class) Pérès, 1956
Somasteroidea (Subclass) Spencer, 1951 see (Order) Platyasterida Spencer, 1951
†Stylophora (Class) Gill & Caster, 1960 - stylophorans
Crustaceans (18)
Within limits
Bairdia (Genus) McCoy, 1844
Branchiopoda (Class) Latreille, 1817 - branchiopods
Cephalocarida (Class) H.L. Sanders, 1955 - cephalocarids
Cirripedia (Class) (Rafinesque, 1816) see (Infraclass) Cirripedia Burmeister, 1834
Crustacea (Superclass) Pennant, 1777 see ([unranked]) Crustaceomorpha Chernyshev, 1960 - crustaceans
Eucrustacea (Epiclass) Kingsley, 1894 see (Subphylum) Pancrustacea Zrzavý et al., 1997
†Eurychilinidae (Family) Ulrich & Bassler, 1923
Lepadomorpha (Suborder) Pilsbry, 1916
†Leperditicopida (Order) Scott, 1961
Malacostraca (Class) Latreille, 1802
Myodocopida (Order) Sars, 1866
Ostracoda (Class) Latreille, 1802 - ostracods
Ostracoda (Subclass) Latreille, 1806 see (Class) Ostracoda Latreille, 1802 - ostracods
†Palaeocopida (Order) Henningsmoen, 1953 see (Suborder) †Palaeocopina Henningsmoen, 1953
Phyllocarida (Subclass) Packard, 1879 - leptostracans
Platycopida (Order) Sars, 1866
Podocopida (Order) (Sars, 1866) G.W. Müller, 1894
Thoracica (Order) Darwin, 1854 see (Superorder) Thoracica Darwin, 1854 - goose and acorn barnacles
Arachnids (3)
Entire range
Scorpiones ([unranked]) Koch, 1837 see (Order) Scorpiones Koch, 1837 - scorpions
Lower limit
Scorpiones (Order) Koch, 1837 - scorpions
Within limits
Arachnida (Class) Lamarck, 1801
Arthropods (38)
Entire range
†Arctinurus (Genus) Castelnau, 1843
†Arctinurus boltoni (Bigsby, 1825)
Within limits
Arachnida (Clade) Cuvier, 1812 see (Class) Arachnida Lamarck, 1801
†Archipolypoda (Class) Scudder, 1882 see (Superorder) †Archipolypoda Scudder, 1882
Arthropoda (Phylum) Siebold, 1848 - arthropods
†Calymenina (Suborder) Swinnerton, 1915
†Calymenoidea (Superfamily) see (Suborder) †Calymenina Swinnerton, 1915
†Chasmataspidida (Order) Caster & Brooks, 1956
Chelicerata (Subphylum) Heymons, 1901
Chelicerata (Superclass) Heymons, 1901 see (Subphylum) Chelicerata Heymons, 1901
Crustacea (Subphylum) Brünnich, 1772 see (Superclass) Crustacea Pennant, 1777 - crustaceans
†Dalmanitidae (Family) Vogdes, 1890
†Dalmanitoidea (Superfamily) Vogdes, 1890
Euchelicerata ([unranked]) Weygoldt & Paulus, 1979
†Eurypterida (Order) Burmeister, 1843 - eurypterids
†Lichidae (Family) Hawle & Corda, 1847
†Marellomorpha (Subphylum) see (Subphylum) †Marrellomorpha Beurlen, 1934 - lace crabs
Merostomata (Class) Dana, 1852 see (Class) Xiphosura Latreille, 1802 - horseshoe crabs
Myriapoda (Superclass) Latreille, 1802 see (Subphylum) Myriapoda Latreille, 1802
†Naraoia (Genus) Walcott, 1912
†Naraoiidae (Family) Walcott, 1912
†Nektaspida (Order) Raymond, 1920 see (Class) †Nektaspida Raymond, 1920 - nektaspids
Onychophora (Superclass) Grube, 1853 see (Phylum) Onychophora Grube, 1853
Pentastomida ([unranked]) see (Subclass) Pentastomida Diesing, 1836
†Phacopida (Order) Salter, 1864
†Phacopina (Suborder) Struve, 1959
†Polymerida (Order)
Progoneata ([unranked])
Pycnogonida (Class) Latreille, 1810 - pycnogonids
†Styginidae (Family) Vogdes, 1890
†synziphosurines ([unranked])
†Trilobita (Class) Walch, 1771 - trilobites
†Trilobita (Infraphylum) Walch, 1771 see (Class) †Trilobita Walch, 1771 - trilobites
†Trilobitomorpha (Subphylum) Størmer, 1944 see (Superclass) †Trilobitomorpha Størmer, 1944 - trilobites
†Trilobitomorpha (Superclass) Størmer, 1944, stat. inval. see (Superclass) †Trilobitomorpha Størmer, 1944
Xiphosura (Class) Latreille, 1802 - horseshoe crabs
Xiphosura ([unranked]) Latreille, 1802 see (Class) Xiphosura Latreille, 1802 - horseshoe crabs
Xiphosurida (Order) Latreille, 1802
Molluscs (41)
Upper limit
†Ribeirioida (Order) Kobayashi, 1933
Entire range
†Actinodonta (Genus) Phillips, 1848
Within limits
†Actinoceratoidea (Subclass) Teichert et al., 1964
Amphineura (Subphylum) see (Phylum) Mollusca Linnaeus, 1758
Anomalodesmata (Subclass) Dall, 1889 see (Order) Anomalodesmata Dall, 1889
Archaeogastropoda (Order) Thiele, 1925 see (Order) Vetigastropoda Salvini-Plawen, 1980
†Bellerophontida (Order) Ulrich & Scofield, 1897 see (Superfamily) †Bellerophontoidea McCoy, 1852
Bivalvia (Class) Linnaeus, 1758 - bivalves
†Bransonia (Genus) Pojeta & Runnegar, 1976
Cephalopoda (Class) Cuvier, 1795 - cephalopods
†Conocardioida (Order) Neumayr, 1891
†Cyrtonellida (Order) Horny, 1963
Cyrtosoma (Subphylum) Runnegar & Pojeta Jr., 1974 see (Phylum) Mollusca Linnaeus, 1758
Dentalioida (Order) Palmer, 1974 see (Order) Dentaliida Starobogatov, 1974
Diasoma (Subphylum) Runnegar & Pojeta Jr., 1974 see (Phylum) Mollusca Linnaeus, 1758
Euomphalina (Suborder) de Koninck, 1881 see (Superfamily) †Euomphaloidea White, 1877
Gastropoda (Class) Cuvier, 1795 - snails and slugs
Heteroconchia (Subclass) Gray, 1854 see (Superorder) Heteroconchia Gray, 1854
†Hippocardia (Genus) Brown, 1843
†Hyolitha ([unranked]) see (Phylum) †Hyolitha (Marek, 1963)
†Hyolithida (Order) Matthew, 1899
Isofilibranchia (Subclass) Iredale, 1939 see (Superorder) Isofilibranchia Iredale, 1939
†Macluritina (Suborder) Cox & Knight, 1960 see (Superfamily) †Macluritoidea Carpenter, 1861
Mesogastropoda (Order) Thiele, 1925 see ([unranked]) mesogastropods - mesogastropods
Mollusca (Phylum) Linnaeus, 1758 - molluscs
†Murchisonia (Genus) d'Archiac & Verneuil, 1841
Murchisoniina (Suborder) Cox & Knight, 1960 see (Superfamily) †Murchisonioidea Koken, 1896
Nautiloidea (Subclass) Agassiz, 1848
Nautilus (Genus) Linnaeus, 1758
†Onychochilina (Suborder)
Palaeotaxodonta (Subclass) Korobkov, 1954 see (Subclass) Protobranchia Pelseneer, 1889
Patellina (Suborder) Ihering, 1876 see (Superfamily) Patelloidea Rafinesque, 1815
Pelecypoda (Class) Goldfuss, 1820 see (Class) Bivalvia Linnaeus, 1758
†Platyceras (Genus) Conrad, 1840
Pleurotomariina (Suborder) (Cox & Knight, 1960) see (Superfamily) Pleurotomarioidea Swainson, 1840
Prosobranchia (Subclass) Milne-Edwards, 1848 see (Class) Gastropoda Cuvier, 1795 - prosobranchs
Pteriomorphia (Subclass) Beurlen, 1944 see (Superorder) Pteriomorphia Beurlen, 1944
†Rostroconchia (Class) Pojeta et al., 1972
Scaphopoda (Class) Bronn, 1862 - tusk shells
Trochina (Suborder) (Cox & Knight, 1960) see (Superfamily) Trochoidea Rafinesque, 1815
Tryblidiida (Order) Lemche, 1957 see (Order) Monoplacophorida Wenz, in Knight, 1952
Annelids (2)
Within limits
Annelida (Phylum) Lamarck, 1809 - segmented worms
Polychaeta (Class) Grube, 1850 - polychaetes
Sponges (43)
Within limits
Amphidiscophora (Subclass) Schulze, 1886
Amphidiscosa (Order) Schrammen, 1924 see (Order) Amphidiscosida Schrammen, 1924
Amphidiscosida (Order) Schrammen, 1924
†Anthaspidellidae (Family) Miller, 1889
†Astraeospongiidae (Family) Miller, 1889
†Astylospongiidae (Family) Zittel, 1877
Calcarea (Class) Bowerbank, 1864 - calcareous sponges
Ceractinomorpha (Subclass) Lévi, 1953 see (Class) Demospongiae Sollas, 1885
†Chiastoclonellidae (Family) Rauff, 1895
Clionaidae (Family) d'Orbigny, 1851
Clionidae (Family) d'Orbigny, 1851, nom. illeg. see (Family) Clionaidae d'Orbigny, 1851
†Cnemidiastridae (Family) Schrammen, 1924
Demospongea (Class) Sollas, 1875 see (Class) Demospongiae Sollas, 1885
Demospongiae (Class) Sollas, 1885 - demosponges
†Dictyospongiidae (Family) Hall & Clarke, 1898
†Dictyospongioidea (Superfamily) Hall & Clarke, 1899
†Dierespongioidea (Superfamily) Rigby & Gutschick 1976
Hadromerida (Order) Topsent, 1894
†Haplistiidae (Family) de Laubenfels, 1955
†Heteractinida (Order) Hinde, 1887 see (Class) †Heteractinida de Laubenfels, 1955
Hexactinellida (Class) Schmidt, 1870 - hexactinellids
Hexasterophora (Subclass) Schulze, 1886
Lithistida (Order) Schmidt, 1870 see (Subclass) Lithistida Schmidt, 1870 - lithistids
Lyssacinosa (Order) Zittel, 1877 see (Order) Lyssacinosida Zittel, 1877
Lyssacinosida (Order) Zittel, 1877
†Orchocladina (Suborder) Rauff, 1893 see (Order) †Orchocladina Rauff, 1895
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836 - sponges
†Protospongiidae (Family) Hinde, 1887
†Protospongioidea (Superfamily) Hinde, 1887
†Reticulosa (Order) Reid, 1958
Rhizomorina (Suborder) Zittel, 1895
Sclerospongea (Class) see (Class) Sclerospongiae Hartman & Goreau, 1970
Sclerospongiae (Class) Hartman & Goreau, 1970 see (Class) Demospongiae Sollas, 1885
Solenida (Order) de Laubenfels, 1955
Sphaerocladina (Suborder) Schrammen, 1910
†Sphinctozoa (Order) (Steinmann, 1882)
†Stromatopora (Genus) Goldfuss, 1826
†Stromatoporata (Class) see (Class) †Stromatoporoidea Nicholson & Murie, 1878
†Stromatoporoida (Order) see (Class) †Stromatoporoidea Nicholson & Murie, 1878
†Stromatoporoidea (Class) Nicholson & Murie, 1878
Tetracladina (Suborder) Zittel, 1878
Tetractinomorpha (Subclass) Lévi, 1953 see (Class) Demospongiae Sollas, 1885
Verongida (Order) Bergquist, 1978
Invertebrates (176)
Upper limit
†Climacograptus (Genus) (Hall, 1865)
†Glyptograptus (Genus) Lapworth, 1873
†Glyptorthis (Genus) Foerste, 1912
†Platystrophia (Genus) King, 1850
†Porambonitoidea (Superfamily) Davidson, 1853
†Punctatrypoidea (Superfamily) Rzhonsnitskaya, 1960
†Rostricellula (Genus) Ulrich & Cooper, 1942
Entire range
†Climacograptus scalaris Lapworth, 1877
†Coronograptus (Genus)
†Coronograptus cyphus
†Dalejina (Genus) Havlicek, 1953
†Dalejina junonis Li & Copper, 2006
†Diceromyonia (Genus) Wang, 1946
†Diceromyonia ciona Li & Copper, 2006, nom. dub.
†Dimorphograptus (Genus) Lapworth, 1876
†Dimorphograptus confertus
†Dimorphograptus confertus swanstoni
†Flabellitesia (Genus) Ning Zhang, 1989
†Flabellitesia adaia Li & Copper, 2006
†Glyptograptus persculptus
†Glyptorthis marilara Li & Copper, 2006
†Heterorthina (Genus) Bancroft, 1928
†Heterorthina cybele Li & Copper, 2006
†Isorthis (Genus) Kozlowski, 1929
†Isorthis natiscotekia Li & Copper, 2006
†Jupiterella (Genus) Li & Copper, 2006
†Jupiterella eumorpha Li & Copper, 2006
†Levenea (Genus) Schuchert & Cooper, 1931
†Levenea mera Li & Copper, 2006
†Levenea rica Li & Copper, 2006
†Mendacella (Genus) Cooper, 1930
†Mendacella udauberis Li & Copper, 2006
†Ovalella (Subgenus)
†Parakidograptus (Genus) Li & Ge, 1981
†Parakidograptus acuminatus (Nicholson, 1867)
†Pionodema (Genus) Foerste, 1912
†Pionodema hypermeca Li & Copper, 2006
†Plasmopora (Genus) Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1849
†Platystrophia hongueda Li & Copper, 2006
†Platystrophia regularis
†Platystrophia regularis aporegularis Li & Copper, 2006
†Platytrochalos (Genus) Jin, 1989
†Platytrochalos rabbei Thomsen et al., 2006
†Platytrochalos ringerikensis Thomsen et al., 2006
†Rostricellula wadti Thomsen et al., 2006
Lower limit
†Athyridoidea (Superfamily) McCoy, 1841
†Camarotoechioidea (Superfamily) Schuchert, 1929
†Delthyridina (Suborder) Ivanova, 1972
†Delthyridoidea (Superfamily) Phillips, 1841
†Gypiduloidea (Superfamily) Schuchert & LeVene, 1929
†Reticularioidea (Superfamily) Waagen, 1883
†Retzielloidea (Superfamily) Rzhonsnitskaya, 1974
†Retziidina (Suborder) Boucot et al., 1964
†Retzioidea (Superfamily) Waagen, 1883
†Rhynchospirinoidea (Superfamily) Schuchert, 1929
†Stricklandioidea (Superfamily) Schuchert & Cooper, 1931
†Uncinuloidea (Superfamily) Rzonsnitskaya, 1956
Within limits
Acrotretida (Order) Kuhn, 1949
†Acrotretoidea (Superfamily) Schuchert, 1893
†Adolfioidea (Superfamily) Sartenaer, 1966
†Anazygidina (Suborder) Copper, 1996
†Anazygoidea (Superfamily) Davidson, 1883
†Ancistrorhynchoidea (Superfamily) Cooper, 1956
Anthozoa (Class) Ehrenberg, 1831
Articulata (Class) Huxley, 1869
†Athyridida (Order) Boucot et al., 1964
†Athyrididina (Suborder) Boucot et al., 1964
†Atrypida (Order) Rzhonsnitskaya, 1960
†Atrypidina (Suborder) Moore, 1952
†Atrypoidea (Superfamily) Gill, 1871
Brachiopoda (Phylum) Duméril, 1806 - brachiopods
Bryozoa (Phylum) Ehrenberg, 1831 - bryozoans
†Camerelloidea (Superfamily) Hall & Clarke, 1894
†Chileata (Class) Williams et al., 1996
†Chilidiopsoidea (Superfamily) Boucot, 1959
†Chonetidina (Suborder) Muir-Wood, 1955
†Chonetoidea (Superfamily) Bronn, 1862
Cnidaria (Phylum) Hatschek, 1888 - cnidarians
†Conodonta (Phylum) Eichenberg, 1930 see (Subclass) †Conodonta Eichenberg, 1930
†Conodontophorida (Class) Eichenberg, 1930 see (Order) †Conodontophorida Eichenberg, 1930
†Conulariida (Order) Miller & Gurley, 1896
†Conulata (Class) Moore & Harrington, 1956
Craniata (Class) Williams, Carlson, Brunton, Holmer & Popov, 1996
Craniida (Order) Waagen, 1885
Craniidae (Family) Menke, 1828
Craniiformea (Subphylum) Popov, Bassett, Holmer & Laurie, 1993
Cranioidea (Superfamily) Menke, 1828
†Craniopsida (Order) Gorjansky & Popov, 1985
†Craniopsidae (Family) Williams, 1963
†Craniopsoidea (Superfamily) Williams, 1963
†Crustoidea (Order) Bulman, 1970
†Cryptostomata (Order) Vine, 1884 see (Order) †Cryptostomida Bassler, 1953
Ctenophora (Phylum) Eschscholtz, 1829 - comb jellies
Ctenostomata (Order) Busk, 1852
†Cyrtioidea (Superfamily) Fredericks, 1919
†Cystoporata (Order) Astrova, 1964
†Dalmanellidina (Suborder) Moore, 1952
†Dalmanelloidea (Superfamily) Schuchert, 1913
†Dendroidea (Order) Nicholson, 1872
†Dictyonellida (Order) Cooper, 1956
Discinidae (Family) Gray, 1840
Discinoidea (Superfamily) Gray, 1840
Echiura (Phylum) Sedgwick, 1898 see (Class) Echiura - spoon worms, echiurans
Ectoprocta (Phylum) Nitsche, 1869 see (Phylum) Bryozoa Ehrenberg, 1831 - ectoprocts
†Eichwaldioidea (Superfamily) Schuchert, 1893
†Enteletoidea (Superfamily) Waagen, 1884
†Fenestella (Genus) Lonsdale, 1839
†Fenestrata (Order) Elias & Condra, 1957 see (Order) †Fenestellida Astrova & Morozova, 1956
†Graptolithina (Class) Bronn, 1849
†Graptoloidea (Order) Lapworth, 1875
Gymnolaemata (Class) Allman, 1856
†Heliolitida (Order) Frech, 1897
Hemichordata (Phylum) Bateson, 1885 - hemichordates
Hydroida (Order) Johnston, 1836 see (Order) Anthoathecatae - hydroids
Hydrozoa (Class) Owen, 1843
†Hyolitha (Phylum) (Marek, 1963) see (Class) †Hyolitha Marek, 1963
†Hyolithes (Genus) Eichwald, 1840
Inarticulata (Class) (Huxley, 1869)
Larvacea (Class) Herdman, 1891 see (Class) Appendicularia Lahille, 1890
Lingulata (Class) Gorjansky & Popov, 1985
Lingulida (Order) Waagen, 1885
Linguliformea (Subphylum) Williams et al., 1996
Linguloidea (Superfamily) Menke, 1828
†Lissatrypidina (Suborder) Copper, 1996
†Lissatrypoidea (Superfamily) Twenhofel, 1914
†Lobopodia (Phylum) Snodgrass, 1938 - lobopodians
†Meristelloidea (Superfamily) Waagen, 1883
Monoplacophora (Class) Odhner, 1940 - monoplacophorans
Myriapoda ([unranked]) Latreille, 1802 see (Subphylum) Myriapoda Latreille, 1802
†Nucleospiroidea (Superfamily) Davidson, 1881
†Obolidae (Family) King, 1846
Octocorallia (Subclass) Haeckel, 1866 see (Subclass) Alcyonaria - octocorals
†Orthida (Order) Schuchert & Cooper, 1932
†Orthidina (Suborder) Schuchert & Cooper, 1932
†Orthoidea (Superfamily) Woodward, 1852
†Orthotetida (Order) Waagen, 1884
†Orthotetidina (Suborder) Waagen, 1884
†Orthotheca (Genus) Novák, 1887
†Orthothecida (Order) Marek, 1966
†Pentamerida (Order) Schuchert & Cooper, 1931
†Pentameridina (Suborder) Schuchert & Cooper, 1931
†Pentameroidea (Superfamily) McCoy, 1844
†Plectambonitoidea (Superfamily) Jones, 1928
†Plectorthoidea (Superfamily) Schuchert & Le Vene, 1929
Polyplacophora (Class) Blainville, 1816 - chitons
†Procoelomata (Phylum) Bergström, 1989
†Protorthida (Order) Schuchert & Cooper, 1931
Pterobranchia (Class) Lankester, 1877 - pterobranchs
Pterobranchia (Phylum) Lankester, 1877 see (Class) Pterobranchia Lankester, 1877
Rhynchonellata (Class) Williams et al., 1996
Rhynchonellida (Order) Kuhn, 1949
Rhynchonelliformea (Subphylum) Williams et al., 1996
†Rhynchotrematoidea (Superfamily) Schuchert, 1913
†Rostroconchia ([unranked]) Cox, 1960 see (Class) †Rostroconchia Pojeta et al., 1972
†Rugosa (Order) Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1850
Scyphomedusae (Group) see (Subclass) Scyphomedusae Lankaster, 1877
Scyphozoa (Class) Goette, 1887 - jellyfish
†Skenidioidea (Superfamily) Kozlowski, 1929
†Spiriferida (Order) Waagen, 1883
†Spiriferidina (Suborder) Waagen, 1883
Stenolaemata (Class) Borg, 1926
†Strophomenata (Class) Williams et al, 1996
†Strophomenida (Order) Opik, 1934
†Strophomenidina (Suborder) Opik, 1934
†Strophomenoidea (Superfamily) King, 1846
†Syntrophiidina (Suborder) Ulrich & Cooper, 1936
†Tabulata (Order) (Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1850)
Tracheata (Subphylum)
Trachylinida (Order) see (Order) Trachylina Haeckel, 1879
†Trepostomata (Order) Ulrich, 1882
†Trimerellida (Order)
†Trimerelloidea (Superfamily) Davidson & King, 1872
†Triplesiidina (Suborder) Moore, 1952
†Triplesioidea (Superfamily) Schuchert, 1913
Tubuliporata (Order)
Zoantharia (Subclass) de Blainville, 1830
Animals (2)
Within limits
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Chordata (Phylum) Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Fungi (2)
Within limits
Fungi (Kingdom) R.T.Moore (1980) - fungi
Glomeromycota (Phylum) C. Walker & A. Schüssler (2001) - arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Plants (1)
Within limits
Plantae (Kingdom) Haeckel (1866) - plants
Algae (36)
Lower limit
†Comasphaeridium (Genus) Staplin, Jansonius & Pocock, 1965
†Comasphaeridium williereae (Deflandre & Deflandre-Rigaud, 1965 ex Lister, 1970) Sarjeant & Stancliffe (1994)
†Dateriocradus (Genus) Tappan & Loeblich, 1972
†Dateriocradus monterrosae (Cramer, 1969) Pöthé de Baldis (1981)
Within limits
†Buedingiisphaeridium (Genus) Schaarschmidt, 1963 emend. Lister, 1970 emend. Sarjeant & Stancliffe, 1994
Charales (Order) Lindl. (1836) - stoneworts
†Comasphaeridium brevispinosum (Lister, 1970) Mullins (2001)
†Cymatiosphaera multisepta Deunff (1955)
†Cymatiosphaera octoplana Downie (1959)
†Cymbosphaeridium (Genus) Lister, 1970
†Cymbosphaeridium pilar (Cramer, 1964) Lister (1970)
Dasycladaceae (Family) Kützing (1843)
Dasycladales (Order) Pascher (1931)
†Dictyotidium biscutulatum Kiryanov (1978)
†Dictyotidium faviforme Schultz (1967)
†Diexallophasis (Genus) Loeblich, 1970
†Diexallophasis remota (Deunff, 1955)
†Dorsennidium (Genus) Wicander, 1974
†Dorsennidium europaeum (Stockmans & Willière, 1960) Sarjeant & Stancliffe (1994)
†Dorsennidium europaeum subsp. europaeum (Stockmans & Willière, 1960) Sarjeant & Stancliffe (1994)
†Dorsennidium europaeum subsp. wenlockianum (Downie, 1959 ex Wall & Downie, 1963) Sarjeant & Stancliffe (1994)
†Duvernaysphaera aranaides (Cramer, 1964) Le Hérissé (1989)
†Eisenackidium (Genus) Cramer & Díez, 1968 ex Eisenack, Cramer & Díez, 1973
†Eupoikilofusa (Genus) Cramer, 1970
†Gorgonisphaeridium (Genus) Staplin, Jansonius & Pocock, 1965
†Hapsidopalla (Genus) Playford, 1977
†Micrhystridium (Genus) Deflandre, 1937
†Multiplicisphaeridium (Genus) Staplin, 1961
†Neoveryhachium (Genus) Cramer, 1970
†Neoveryhachium carminae (Cramer, 1964)
†Onondagella (Genus) Cramer, 1966
†Oppilatala (Genus) Loeblich & Wicander, 1976
Prasinophyceae (Class) T. Christensen, 1962 ex Ø. Moestrup & J. Throndsen (1988) see ([unranked]) prasinophytes - prasinophytes
†Quadratitum fantasticum Cramer (1964)
†Tunisphaeridium (Genus) J. Deunff & W.R. Evitt, 1968
†Veryhachium carminae Cramer (1964) see †Neoveryhachium carminae (Cramer, 1964)
Protozoa (7)
Within limits
†Acritarcha (Group) Evitt, 1963 - acritarchs
allogromids (Suborder) see (Order) Allogromiida Loeblich & Tappan, 1961
Foraminifera (Class) d'Orbigny, 1826 see (Phylum) Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826
Foraminifera (Order) d'Orbigny, 1826 see (Class) Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826
Foraminiferida (Order) d'Orbigny, 1826 see (Class) Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826 - foraminiferans
†Fusulinids (Suborder) see (Order) †Fusulinida Fursenko, 1958
textularids (Suborder) see (Order) Textulariida Delage & Hérouard, 1896
Protists (35)
Upper limit
†Cyathochitina (Genus) Eisenack,1955
†Spinachitina (Genus) Schallreuter, 1963
†Spinachitininae (Subfamily) Paris, 1981
Within limits
†Ancyrochitina (Genus) Eisenack, 1955
†Ancyrochitininae (Subfamily) Paris, 1981
†Angochitina (Genus) Eisenack, 1931
†Angochitininae (Subfamily) Paris, 1981
†Armoricochitina (Genus) Paris, 1981
†Bursachitina (Genus) Taugourdeau, 1966
†Calpichitina (Genus) Wilson & Hedlund, 1964
†Chitinozoa Eisenack, 1931 - chitinozoans
†Cingulochitina (Genus) Paris, 1981
†Cyathochitininae (Subfamily) Paris, 1981
†Desmochitina (Genus) Eisenack, 1931
†Desmochitinidae (Family) Eisenack, 1931
†Desmochitininae (Subfamily) Eisenack, 1931
†Eisenackitina (Genus) Jansonius, 1964
†Fungochitina (Genus) Taugourdeau, 1966
†Lagenochitina (Genus) Eisenack, 1931
†Lagenochitinidae (Family) Eisenack, 1931
†Lagenochitininae (Subfamily) Eisenack, 1931
†Linochitina (Genus) Eisenack, 1968
†Margachitina (Genus) Eisenack, 1968
†Margachitininae (Subfamily) Paris, 1981
†Operculatifera (Order) Eisenack, 1931
Paleodictyon (Genus) Menghini, 1850
Polycystinea (Class) Ehrenberg, 1838 see (Superclass) Polycystinia Ehrenberg, 1838 - polycystines
†Prosomatifera (Order) Eisenack, 1972
†Pterochitina (Genus) Eisenack, 1955
†Pterochitininae (Subfamily) Paris, 1981
†Ramochitina (Genus) Sommer & van Boekel, 1964
†Sphaerochitina (Genus) Eisenack,1955
Spirotrichea (Class) Bütschli, 1889
Tintinnina (Suborder) Kofoid & Campbell, 1929 see (Order) Tintinnida Kofoid & Campbell, 1929
†Urnochitina (Genus) Paris, 1981
Eukaryotes (4)
Within limits
Dinomastigota (Phylum) Margulis, 1996 see (Phylum) Dinoflagellata Engl. (1903)
Eukarya (Superkingdom) Chatton, 1925 see (Domain) Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
Eukaryota (Domain) Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Protoctista (Kingdom) Hogg, 1860
Prokaryotes (4)
Within limits
Bacteria (Kingdom) Cavalier-Smith 1998 nom. inval. see (Kingdom) Bacteria Cavalier-Smith 2002 stat. inval. - bacteria
Bacteria (Kingdom) Cavalier-Smith 2002 stat. inval. see (Domain) Bacteria Woese et al. 1990 stat. inval. - bacteria
Cyanobacteria (Phylum) (ex Stanier 1974) Cavalier-Smith 2002 stat. inval. see (Phylum) Cyanobacteriota Oren et al. 2022 - cyanobacteria
Monera (Kingdom) Haeckel 1866 see (Domain) Bacteria Woese et al. 1990 stat. inval.
Organisms (1)
Within limits
organisms ([unranked]) see (Clade) Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Geological regions (55)
Within limits
Aldan Shield (Geologic province)
Anabar Shield ([unranked])
Arabian-Nubian Shield ([unranked])
†Armorica ([unranked])
Baikal Fold Belt ([unranked])
†Baltic Plate ([unranked]) see (Tectonic plate) Eurasian Plate
Baltic Shield ([unranked])
Cameroon N'tem Complex ([unranked])
Central Africa Craton ([unranked])
Chaillu Craton ([unranked])
Committee Bay Block ([unranked])
Congo Craton ([unranked])
Ethiopian Block ([unranked])
†Euramerica ([unranked])
†Gondwana ([unranked]) E. Suess, 1861
Greenland Shield (Geologic province)
Guapore Craton ([unranked])
Guiana Shield ([unranked])
Indian Shield (Geologic province)
Kaapvaal Craton ([unranked])
Kaminak Group ([unranked])
Kasaï Craton ([unranked])
Labrador Shield ([unranked])
†Laurentia ([unranked])
Litchfield Complex ([unranked])
Luis Alves Massif ([unranked])
Madagascar Craton ([unranked])
Man Shield ([unranked])
Nanambu Complex ([unranked])
†Pangea ([unranked]) see ([unranked]) †Pangaea A. Wegener, 1920
Pilbara Block (Geologic province)
Reguibat Shield ([unranked])
Rio de la Plata Craton ([unranked])
Rio de la Plata Massif ([unranked])
Rul Jungle Complex ([unranked])
São Francisco Craton ([unranked])
Sayan Fold Belt ([unranked])
Scottish Shield ([unranked])
Sebakwe Proto-Craton ([unranked])
Sino-Korean Craton ([unranked]) see ([unranked]) North China Craton
Slave Craton ([unranked])
Slave Province ([unranked])
Superior Craton ([unranked])
Superior Province ([unranked])
Tanzanian Craton ([unranked])
Tarim Craton ([unranked])
Tuareg Shield ([unranked])
Ukrainian Shield (Geologic province)
West African Craton ([unranked])
Wyoming Province ([unranked])
Yangtze Craton ([unranked])
Yienisei Fold Belt ([unranked])
Yilgarn Block (Geologic province)
Zambian Block ([unranked])
Zimbabwe Craton ([unranked])
Geological entities (3)
Within limits
†Iapetus Ocean ([unranked])
Napier Complex ([unranked]) (Antarctica)
†Proto-Tethys Ocean ([unranked])
Links
http://www.palaeos.com/Paleozoic/Silurian/Silurian.htm