Entity:

Authorship

SN2000 author citation	:	T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998/2002, stat. praeinit.
Unavailable original name, rank & spelling	:	Cavalier-Smith, T. 1981. BioSystems 14 (3-4): tbl. 11 (p. 477). [nom. nud.].
Original name, rank & spelling	:	Cavalier-Smith, T. 1998. Biol. Rev. 73: tbl. 1 (p. 208).
Validating publication	:	Cavalier-Smith, T. 2002a. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 52: tbl. 1 (p. 10: "Revised from Cavalier-Smith (1992a, 1998)", "I here validate it under the Bacteriological Code").

Validation

Validating description/diagnosis

Bacteria (Kingdom) Cavalier-Smith 1998 nom. inval.

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002a: tbl. 1 (p. 10). [new]

Pre-starting-point rank (stat. inval.[: praeinit.]) [ICNP, 2023: p. 1, Rules 5B, 8 (domain/kingdom, <2024)]

Ref: S.J. Brands (comp.), 1989-present. Syst. Nat. 2000: 25 Nov 2025.

Type, by original designation

Enterobacteriales (Order) "Garrity and Holt 2001" nom. nud.

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002a: tbl. 1 (p. 10). [new]

Not validly published name	:	*Bacteria* (Kingdom) Cavalier-Smith 1981 nom. nud.	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002a: tbl. 1 (p. 10); 25 Nov 2025. [new] [inferred]
Not validly published name	:	*Bacteria* (Kingdom) Cavalier-Smith 1998 nom. inval.	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002a: tbl. 1 (p. 10). [new]
Different rank	:	*Bacteria* (Domain) Woese et al. 1990 stat. inval.

Allowed homonym

Bacteria (Genus) Latreille, Le Peletier de Saint Fargeau, Serville & Guerin, 1825

Synonymous name

Eubacteria (Kingdom) Woese and Fox 1977

Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 2).

Full name

bacteria