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Monotypic taxon: Phylum Placozoa Grell, 1971 (invertebrate)
 Entity: 

Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia

Subsequent positions

Placozoa (Infrakingdom) (Grell, 1971) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: 235. [assumed]

Current position

Planulozoa (Clade) Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004 Ref: G. Giribet & G.D. Edgecombe, 2019: 168 (fig. 1a). [inferred rank]

Alternative positions

Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2013: 6.
Epitheliozoa ([unranked]) Ax, 1996 Ref: C. Nielsen, 2001: fig. 2.5.
Eumetazoa ([unranked]) Bütschli, 1910 Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 111.
Mesozoa ([unranked]) van Beneden, 1876 Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990: 48.
Metazoa ([unranked]) Haeckel 1874 Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: fig. 1.6 (G. Edgecombe). [out of scope (coherent)]
Metazoa (Kingdom) Haeckel, 1874 Ref: E.E. Ruppert et al., 2004: 94.
N.N. (Subkingdom) Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 35).
Parazoa (Subkingdom) (Sollas, 1884) Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1998: 212-213.
Phagocytellozoa (Subkingdom) Ref: K.G. Grell, 1982: 639.
Phagocytellozoa (Superphylum) Ref: J. van der Land, 2001: 103. [indirect]
Placozoa (Infrakingdom) (Grell, 1971) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: 235. [new position]
Placozoomorpha (Kingdom) Ref: E. Möhn, 1984

Historical positions

Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: T. Rees et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 131).
Planulozoa (Clade) Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004 Ref: G. Giribet & G.D. Edgecombe, 2019: 168 (fig. 1c). [inferred rank]
N.N. (Subkingdom) Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 35).
Metazoa ([unranked]) Haeckel 1874 Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: fig. 1.6 (G. Edgecombe). [out of scope (coherent)]
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2013: 6.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2011: 9.
Eumetazoa ([unranked]) Bütschli, 1910 Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 111.
Metazoa ([unranked]) Haeckel 1874 Ref: E.E. Ruppert et al., 2004: 94-95, 97, fig. 5.19.
Epitheliozoa ([unranked]) Ax, 1996 Ref: K.J. Peterson & D.J. Eernisse, 2001: 172, [176]; 201.
Epitheliozoa ([unranked]) Ax, 1996 Ref: C. Nielsen, 2001: 48-50, figs. 1.2, 2.5.
organisms ([unranked]) Ref: J. van der Land, 2001: 103.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: 1998
Parazoa (Subkingdom) (Sollas, 1884) Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1998: 212-213.
Placozoa (Infrakingdom) (Grell, 1971) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: table 4 (p. 235). [new position]
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: C. Nielsen, 1995
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: 1995
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758 Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990: 172; 4.
Mesozoa ([unranked]) van Beneden, 1876 Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990: 48. [alternative position]
Placozoomorpha (Kingdom) Ref: E. Möhn, 1984
Parazoa (Subkingdom) (Sollas, 1884) Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 163, 166-167.
Phagocytellozoa (Subkingdom) Ref: K.G. Grell, 1982: 639.

Number of Subtaxa

2024 Available in Systema Naturae 2000 1f;2g;2s
1989-present Systema Naturae 2000 [1f;2g;2s]
2020 T. Rees et al.: table 2 (p. 131) 4ng;3g; †0g
2013 Z.-Q. Zhang: 6 1s; †0s
2011 Z.-Q. Zhang: 9 1s
2011 Z.-Q. Zhang: 9 1s
1998 T. Cavalier-Smith [1g]
1997 TAMU 1g2s
1995 C. Nielsen 1s
1995 C. Nielsen 1g;1s
1990 R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca 1g;1s
1982 K.G. Grell [2g2s]
1982 L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz 1g1s
©2004-2024 Universal Taxonomic Services
Last updated: 1 Feb 2024