Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Plantae - (Phylum) Tracheophyta

Phylogeny

Node-based clade		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18 ("node-based").
Crown clade		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18. [inferred]
Reference phylogeny [PhyloCode]		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18 ("Rydin & al. (2002: Fig. 1). See also Doyle & Donoghue (1992), Doyle & al. (1994), Rothwell & Serbet (1994), Chaw & al. (2000), Bowe & al. (2000), Magallón & Sanderson (2002), Soltis & al. (2002), and Burleigh & Mathews (2004).").

Defined by the most recent common ancestor (and all its descendants) of

Cycas revoluta Thunb. (1783)		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18.
Ginkgo biloba L. (1771)		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18.
Gnetum gnemon L. (1767)		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18.
Liquidambar styraciflua L. (1753)		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18.
Pinus strobus L. (1753)		Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E18.

Generic clade

Spermatophyta (Clade) Britton & Brown 1896 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval.

Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E17.

Current position

Apo-Spermatophyta (Clade) Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval.

Ref: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E17. [new rank]

Alternative positions

euphyllophytes ([unranked])	Ref: D.J. Mabberley, 2008: 929.
Lignophyta (Clade) Crane & Kenrick 1997, nom. cl. inval.	Ref: P.R. Crane & P. Kenrick, 1997: table 7 (p. 98).

Historical positions

euphyllophytes ([unranked])	Src: D.J. Mabberley, 2008: 811, 929.
Apo-Spermatophyta (Clade) Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval.	Src: P.D. Cantino et al., 2007: E17-E18, table 1 (p. [E]5), fig. 1. [new rank]
Lignophyta (Clade) Crane & Kenrick 1997, nom. cl. inval.	Src: P.R. Crane & P. Kenrick, 1997: tables 7 (p. 98), 9 (p. 102); fig. 1.

Number of Subtaxa

2008	D.J. Mabberley: 811	425f;13,064g;272,000s
2008	D.J. Mabberley: 811	[4c;62o];425[430]f;13,064g;272,000s