Phylogeny

Questionably Holophyletic

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: 206; 213.

Ancestor

Corticata (Subkingdom) Lankester, 1878		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002b: 300.
Protozoa (Kingdom) Goldfuss, 1818		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2013(2012): fig. 2.

Subsequent entries

Biliphyta (Subkingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1981)		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1981: table 11 (p. 477).
Glaucoplantae (Subkingdom) B.Marin & Melkonian (2020)		Ref: L. Li et al., 2020a: fig. 1c; 1229 ("Archaeplastida/Plantae"). [implicit]
Rhodoplantae (Subkingdom) G.W.Saunders & Hommers. (2004)		Ref: G.W. Saunders & M.H. Hommersand, 2004: 1502.
Viridiplantae (Subkingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1981)		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1981: table 11 (p. 477).

Current position

Corticata (Superkingdom) Lankester, 1878

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith et al., 2015: 357. [new position]

Alternative positions

corticates ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2003	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2013(2012): 144.
Eukarya (Superkingdom) Chatton, 1925	Ref: R.S.K. Barnes, 2002: 127.
Eukaryota (Superkingdom) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 27).
Eukaryota (Empire) (Chatton, 1925)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: 1252.
Eukaryota (Domain) Chatton, 1925	Ref: T.N. Taylor et al., 2009: App. 1 (p. 1027).
Eukaryotae (Superkingdom)	Ref: A. Cronquist, 1982: 57.
Metakaryota (Superkingdom)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1993b: table 1 (p. 955).
neokaryotes ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 1993	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: 231. [alternative position] [implicit]
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 249.
photokaryotes ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith 1999	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002b: 297.

Historical positions

Corticata (Superkingdom) Lankester, 1878	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2022(2021): 552; 545, 546, 556, 583, fig. 11.
Corticata (Superkingdom) Lankester, 1878	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2022(2021) (alt.): table 2 (p. 565), fig. 11. [new position]
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: T. Rees et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 133).
Corticata (Superkingdom) Lankester, 1878	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith et al., 2015: 357. [new position]
Eukaryota (Superkingdom) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 27).
eukaryotes ([unranked])	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2013(2012): 117, 144, fig. 2.
corticates ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2003	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2013(2012): 144, fig. 2. [alternative position]
corticates ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 2003	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2010a: 342, fig. 1.
Eukaryota (Domain) Chatton, 1925	Ref: T.N. Taylor et al., 2009: App. 1 (p. 1027).
Eukaryota (Superkingdom) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978	Ref: P.A. Broady, 2012: 326; 21.
Eukaryota (Empire) (Chatton, 1925)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: 1252.
Eukarya (Superkingdom) Chatton, 1925	Ref: R.S.K. Barnes, 2002: 127.
photokaryotes ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith 1999	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2002b: 297, 300.
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: M. Guiry, 2001: 38.
Eukaryota (Domain) Chatton, 1925	Ref: P.M. Kirk et al., 2001: 403.
Eukarya (Superkingdom) Chatton, 1925	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1998: 16, 369-381.
Eukaryota (Empire) (Chatton, 1925)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: table 1 (p. 209); table 6 (p. 250).
neokaryotes ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 1993	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: 231. [alternative position] [implicit]
Metakaryota (Superkingdom)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1993b: table 1 (p. 955).
living organisms ([unranked])	Ref: D. Edwards, 1993: [775].
Metakaryota (Superkingdom)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, [1991(ined.?)]
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990: 2.
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: R.S. Boardman et al., 1987
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1979-1984
Eukaryotae (Superkingdom)	Ref: A. Cronquist, 1982: 57.
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 249.
Eukaryota (Superkingdom) Whittaker & Margulis, 1978	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1981: table 11 (p. 477). [alternative name]
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: L.J. Audus & V. Heywood, 1981: 10.
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 306. [out of scope (coherent)]
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: R.H. Whittaker, 1969
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: R.H. Whittaker, 1959
Organismen ([unranked])	Ref: W. Schoenichen, 1925
Organismen ([unranked])	Ref: R. Wettstein, 1924: [60].
Organismen ([unranked])	Ref: E. Haeckel, 1891: 249.
Organismen ([unranked])	Ref: E. Haeckel, 1890: 18.
Organismen ([unranked])	Ref: E. Haeckel, 1889: 421.
Organismen ([unranked])	Ref: E. Haeckel, 1866: pl. I; pp. XIX, XXXI.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	13p;45c;217o;862f;16,630g;11,550s;402ss;878v;1; ‡1g;4s; †2p;20c;63o;156f;948g;101s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 19 Sep 2015	[7p]
2020	T. Rees et al.: table 2 (p. 133)	56,614*ng;22,003[-37,444]*g; †9.8%g
2015b	M.A. Ruggiero et al.: table 2 (p. 34)	[8p]
2004	T. Cavalier-Smith: 1252	[2sk;5p]
2000		7022s
1998	L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz	12p500,000s
1998	T. Cavalier-Smith	[2sk];5p
1993b	T. Cavalier-Smith: 955	[2sk]
1982	A. Cronquist	[13p;42c]
1982	L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz	9p500,000s
1957	R.S. Breed et al.: 11	[5p]
1898	A. Engler: XI	[4p;32c; †3c]
1866		6p