vascular plants see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
   euphyllophytes see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
     monilophytes - ferns see Clade Monilophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Doyle, Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
       Class Polypodiopsida Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. (1966) - ferns
         core leptosporangiates
           Order Cyatheales A.B.Frank (1877) - tree ferns
             1 Family Thyrsopteridaceae C.Presl
             2.1 Family Loxomataceae C.Presl see Family Loxsomataceae C.Presl (1847)
             2.2.1 Family Culcitaceae Pic.Serm.
             2.2.2 Family Plagiogyriaceae Bower (1926)
             3.1 Family Cibotiaceae Korall (2006)
             3.2 Family Cyatheaceae Kaulf. (1827) - scaly tree ferns
             3.3 Family Dicksoniaceae M.R.Schomb. (1848), nom. cons. - dicksonioids
             3.4 Family Metaxyaceae Pic.Serm. (1970)