Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade natates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade photaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade eucorta Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Superkingdom Corticata Lankester, 1878 - corticates
Kingdom Plantae Haeckel (1866) - plants
Subkingdom Viridiplantae Caval.-Sm. (1981) - green plants
Infrakingdom Streptophyta Caval.-Sm. (1993)
[crown] Clade Phragmoplastophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Hall, McCourt, Delwiche, Mishler & Karol 2020]
[crown] Clade Embryophytaᵀ Engler 1887 [Mishler & Qiu 2020]
Clade Pan-Tracheophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
Clade Apo-Tracheophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
[crown] Phylum Tracheophytaᵀ Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998) - vascular plants
Clade Pan-Euphyllophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
[crown] Clade Euphyllophytaᵀ Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
Clade Pan-Spermatophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
Clade Lignophytaᵀ Crane & Kenrick 1997, nom. cl. inval.
Clade Apo-Spermatophytaᵀ Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
[crown] Subphylum Spermatophytinaᵀ Caval.-Sm. (1998) - seed plants
Class Pinopsida Burnett (1835), sedis mutabilis
[crown] Subclass Pinidaeᵀ Cronquist, Takht. & Zimmerm. (1966) - conifers
Order Pinalesᵀ Dumort. (1829) [monotypic] - conifers
Family Pinaceaeᵀ Spreng. ex F.Rudolphi (1830), nom. cons. - pine family
Subfamily Abietoideae (Bercht. & J.Presl) Rich. ex Sweet (1826)
Genus Abiesᵀ Mill. (1754)
Abies albaᵀ Mill. (1759) - silver fir
Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex Forbes - cascade fir
Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (1768) - balsam fir
Abies balsamea × sibirica
Abies cephalonica Loudon (1838)
Abies concolor (Gordon & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. - balsam fir
Abies delavayi Franch. (1899)
Abies durangensis Martínez (1942)
Abies fargesii Franch. (1899)
Abies firma Siebold & Zucc. (1842)
Abies forrestii Coltm.-Rog. (1919)
Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir. (1817) - Fraser fir
Abies grandis (Douglas ex D.Don) Lindl. - giant fir
Abies guatemalensis Rehder (1939) - guatemalan fir
Abies hickelii Flous & Gaussen (1932)
Abies homolepis Sieb. & Zucc.
Abies koreana E.H.Wilson (1920)
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. (1849) - balsam fir
Abies lasiocarpa × homolepis
Abies magnifica A. Murr. - California red fir
Abies nordmanniana (Steven) Spach (1841)
Abies pindrow (Royle ex D.Don) Royle (1836)
Abies pinsapo Boiss. (1838)
Abies procera Rehder (1940) - noble fir
Abies recurvata Mast. (1906)
Abies sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Mast. (1879)
Abies sibirica Ledeb. (1833) - Siberian fir
Abies veitchii Lindl.
Abies venusta (Dougl.) K.Koch (1823)