Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Craniata auct.
Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Superclass Gnathostomataᵀ Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
[crown] Clade Eugnathostomata
Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Sarcopterygii
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Clade Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson, 2006
Clade Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901 [Cloutier & Ahlberg 1996]
Clade Eotetrapodiformes Coates & Friedman, 2010
[crown] Clade Elpistostegalia Camp & Allison, 1961
Clade Stegocephali Cope 1868 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Labyrinthodontia Owen 1859 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Pan-Amniota Rowe 2004 [Laurin & Smithson 2020]
Clade Batrachosauria
Clade Amniota Haeckel 1866 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Clade Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Clade Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Clade Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
Clade Neodiapsida Benton 1985
Clade Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
Clade Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
Clade Pan-Testudines Joyce, Parham & Gauthier 2004 [Joyce, Parham, Anquetin, Claude, Danilov, Iverson, Kear, Lyson, Rabi & Sterli 2020]
Subclass Testudinata Oppel, 1811 [monotypic] - testudinates
[crown] Order Testudinesᵀ Wagler, 1830 - turtles
Suborder Cryptodira Cope, 1868
Superfamily Testudinoidea Batsch, 1788
Family Testudinidaeᵀ Batsch, 1788 - tortoises
01 Genus †Kansuchelys Yeh, 1963
02 Genus †Sinohadrianus Ping, 1929
03 Genus †Megalochelys Falconer & Cautley, 1837
04.1 Genus Aldabrachelys Loveridge & Williams, 1957 [monotypic]
04.2 Genus ‡Cylindraspis Fitzinger, 1835
05 Genus Chersina Gray, 1831 [monotypic]
06.1 Genus Geochelone Fitzinger, 1835
06.2 Genus Astrochelys Gray, 1873
06.3 Genus Centrochelys Gray, 1872 [monotypic]
06.4 Genus Chelonoidis Fitzinger, 1835
06.5 Genus Stigmochelys Gray, 1873 [monotypic]
07 Genus Homopus Duméril & Bibron, 1835
08 Genus Indotestudo Lindholm, 1929
09 Genus Kinixys Bell, 1827
10 Genus Malacochersus Lindholm, 1929 [monotypic]
11 Genus Manouria Gray, 1854
12 Genus Psammobates Fitzinger, 1835
13 Genus Pyxis Bell, 1827
14.1.1.1 Genus †Hesperotestudo (Williams, 1950)
14.1.1.2 Genus †Stylemys Leidy, 1851
14.1.2 Genus Testudoᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
14.2.1 Genus †Oligopherus Hutchison, 1996 [monotypic]
14.2.2 Genus Gopherus Rafinesque, 1832