Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
[crown] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidimorpha
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
[crown] Clade Neotetrapoda
Clade Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
[crown] Clade Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Clade Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
[crown] Clade Neodiapsida Benton 1985
Clade Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
[crown] Clade Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
Clade Pan-Archosauria Gauthier 2020
Clade Archosauromorpha von Huene 1946 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crocopoda Ezcurra 2016
Clade Archosauriformes Gauthier 1994 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crurotarsi Sereno & Arcucci 1990
[crown] Clade Archosauriaᵀ Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 2020]
Clade Pan-Aves Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Ornithodira Gauthier 1986 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauriformes Novas 1992 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dracohorsᵀ Cau 2018
Clade Dinosauria Owen 1842 [Langer, Novas, Bittencourt, Ezcurra & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Saurischia Seeley 1888 [Gauthier, Langer, Novas, Bittencourt & Ezcurra 2020]
Clade Eusaurischia Padian et al. 1999
Clade Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Naish, Cau, Holtz Jr., Fabbri & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Averostraᵀ Paul 2002
Clade Tetanurae Gauthier 1986
Clade Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012
Clade Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
Clade Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
Clade Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.
Clade Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Clade Maniraptora Gauthier 1986
Clade Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014
Clade Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Avialae Gauthier 1986
Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
Clade Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
Clade Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995
Clade Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001
Clade Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
Clade Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown] Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
Cohort Palaeognathae Pycraft, 1900
Subcohort Crypturi Goodchild, 1891 [monotypic]
Superorder Dromaeomorphae Huxley, 1867 [monotypic]
Order Tinamiformes Huxley, 1872 [monotypic]
Family Tinamidaeᵀ Gray, 1840 - tinamous
Subfamily Tinaminaeᵀ Gray, 1840
Genus Tinamusᵀ Hermann, 1783
[Tinamus robustus Parker, 1866, nom. oblit.]
1 Tinamus tao Temminck, 1815 - grey tinamou
1.4.0 [Tinamus weddelli Bonaparte, 1856]
see Tinamus tao kleei (Tschudi, 1843)
2 Tinamus solitarius (Vieillot, 1819) - solitary tinamou
3 Tinamus osgoodi Conover, 1949 - black tinamou
4 Tinamus majorᵀ (Gmelin, 1789) - great tinamou
4.01 [Tinamus robustus P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1868]
see Tinamus major robustus Sclater & Salvin, 1868
4.03 [Tinamus fuscipennis Salvadori, 1895]
see Tinamus major fuscipennis Salvadori, 1895
4.05 [Tinamus castaneiceps Salvadori, 1895]
see Tinamus major castaneiceps Salvadori, 1895
4.08 [Tinamus latifrons Salvadori, 1895]
see Tinamus major latifrons Salvadori, 1895
4.12 [Tinamus peruvianus Bonaparte, 1856]
see Tinamus major peruvianus Bonaparte, 1856
4.12.0 [Tinamus ruficeps P.L. Sclater & Salvin, 1873]
see Tinamus major peruvianus Bonaparte, 1856
5 Tinamus guttatus Pelzeln, 1863 - white-throated tinamou
n.1.1.1 [Tinamus frantzii Lawrence, 1868]
see Nothocercus bonapartei frantzii (Lawrence, 1868)
n.1.1.2 [Tinamus bonapartei G.R. Gray, 1867]
see Nothocercus bonapartei bonapartei (Gray, 1867)
n.1.2 [Tinamus julius Bonaparte, 1854]
see Nothocercus julius (Bonaparte, 1854)
n.1.3 [Tinamus nigrocapillus G.R. Gray, 1867]
see Nothocercus nigrocapillus nigrocapillus (Gray, 1867)
n.2.01.1 [Tinamus meserythrus P.L. Sclater, 1859]
see Crypturellus soui meserythrus (Sclater, 1859)
n.2.01.2 [Tinamus soui Hermann, 1783]
see Crypturellus soui soui (Hermann, 1783)
n.2.02.1 [Tinamus castaneus P.L. Sclater, 1858(1857)]
see Crypturellus obsoletus castaneus (Sclater, 1858)
n.2.02.2 [Tinamus obsoletus Temminck, 1815]
see Crypturellus obsoletus obsoletus (Temminck, 1815)
n.2.03.1 [Tinamus adspersus Temminck, 1815]
see Crypturellus undulatus adspersus (Temminck, 1815)
n.2.03.2 [Tinamus vermiculatus Temminck, 1825]
see Crypturellus undulatus vermiculatus (Temminck, 1825)
n.2.03.3 [Tinamus undulatus Temminck, 1815]
see Crypturellus undulatus undulatus (Temminck, 1815)
n.2.04 [Tinamus strigulosus Temminck, 1815]
see Crypturellus strigulosus (Temminck, 1815)
n.2.05 [Tinamus erythropus Pelzeln, 1863]
see Crypturellus erythropus erythropus (Pelzeln, 1863)
n.2.06 [Tinamus noctivagus Wied, 1820]
see Crypturellus noctivagus noctivagus (Wied, 1820)
n.2.07 [Tinamus delattrii Bonaparte, 1854]
see Crypturellus cinnamomeus delattrii (Bonaparte, 1854)
n.2.08 [Tinamus boucardi P.L. Sclater (ex Sallé), 1859]
see Crypturellus boucardi boucardi (Sclater, 1859)
n.2.09 [Tinamus brevirostris Pelzeln, 1863]
see Crypturellus brevirostris (Pelzeln, 1863)
n.2.10 [Tinamus tataupa Temminck, 1815]
see Crypturellus tataupa tataupa (Temminck, 1815)
n.3 [Tinamus rufescens Temminck, 1815]
see Rhynchotus rufescens rufescens (Temminck, 1815)
n.4 [Subgenus Tinamus (Nothura) Wagler, 1827]
n.4.1 [Tinamus boraquira Spix, 1825]
see Nothura boraquira (Spix, 1825)
n.4.2 [Tinamus minor Spix, 1825]
see Nothura minor (Spix, 1825)
n.4.2.0 [Tinamus medius Spix, 1825]
see Nothura minor (Spix, 1825)
n.4.3.1 [Tinamus major Spix, 1825]
see Nothura maculosa major (Spix, 1825)
n.4.3.2 [Tinamus maculosa Temminck, 1815]
see Nothura maculosa maculosa (Temminck, 1815)
n.5 [Tinamus nanus Temminck, 1815]
see Taoniscus nanus (Temminck, 1815)