[embryophytes] - land plants see Superphylum Embryophyta Engl. (1887)
   Pan-Tracheophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval. see Clade Pan-Tracheophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
     Apo-Tracheophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval. see Clade Apo-Tracheophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
       [crown] Tracheophyta Sinnott 1935 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval. - vascular plants see Clade Tracheophyta Sinnott 1935 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
         Pan-Euphyllophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval. see Clade Pan-Euphyllophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
           [crown] Euphyllophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval. see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
             Pan-Spermatophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval. see Clade Pan-Spermatophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
               Lignophyta Crane & Kenrick 1997, nom. cl. inval.
                 Apo-Spermatophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007, nom. cl. inval. see Clade Apo-Spermatophyta Cantino & Donoghue 2007 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
                   Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval. - seed plants see Clade Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
                     Pan-Gnetophyta Doyle, Donoghue & Cantino 2007, nom. cl. inval. see Clade Pan-Gnetophyta Doyle, Donoghue & Cantino 2007 [Doyle, Donoghue & Cantino 2020]
                       Gnetophyta Bessey 1907 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007], nom. cl. inval. see Clade Gnetophyta Bessey 1907 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
                         1 Ephedra L. (1753) - sea grape
                         2 Gnetum L. (1767)
                         3 Welwitschia Hook.f. (1862), nom. cons.