Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
[crown] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidimorpha
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
[crown] Clade Neotetrapoda
Clade Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
[crown] Clade Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
Clade Synapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier et al. 1989]
Clade Therapsida Broom, 1905
Clade Theriodontia
Clade Eutheriodontia
Clade Cynodontia Owen 1861 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
Clade Epicynodontia Hopson & Kitching 2001
Clade Eucynodontia Kemp 1982 [Rowe 1993]
Clade Probainognathia Hopson, 1990
Clade Mammaliamorpha Rowe 1988
Clade Mammaliaformesᵀ Rowe 1988
Clade Amphilestheria Gaetano & Rougier 2011
Clade Holotheria Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
[crown] Class Mammaliaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
Clade Theriimorphaᵀ Rowe 1993
Clade Theriiformesᵀ Rowe 1988
Clade Trechnotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Cladotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Zatheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Prototribosphenidaᵀ Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
Clade Boreosphenidaᵀ Luo, Cifelli & Kielan-Jaworowska 2001
[crown] Subclass Theriaᵀ Parker & Haswell, 1897
Infraclass Eutheria Gill, 1872
[crown] Cohort Placentalia Owen, 1837 - placentals
[crown] Magnorder Boreoeutheria Springer & de Jong, 2001
[crown] Superorder Laurasiatheria Waddell, Okada & Hasegawa, 1999
[crown] Clade Scrotifera Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999
[crown] Clade Fereuungulata Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999
[crown] Grandorder Euungulata Waddell, Kishino & Ota, 2001
Order Cetartiodactyla Montgelard, Catzeflis & Douzery, 1997
Suborder Ruminantia Scopoli, 1777
Infraorder Pecora Linnaeus, 1758
Superfamily Bovoidea Gray, 1821
Family Bovidaeᵀ Gray, 1821 - antelope, cattle, bison, buffalo, goats, and sheep
Subfamily Bovinaeᵀ Gray, 1821
Tribe Boviniᵀ Gray, 1821
01 Genus †Urmiabos Burchak-Abramovich, 1950
02 Genus †Proleptobos Pilgrim, 1939
03 Genus †Proamphibos Pilgrim, 1939
04 Genus †Leptobos Rütimeyer, 1877
05 Genus †Parabos Arambourg & Piveteau, 1929
06 Genus †Eosyncerus Vekua, 1972
07 Genus †Probison Sahni & Khan, 1968
08 Genus †Alephis Gromolard, 1980
09 Genus †Protobison Burchak-Abramovich, Gadzhiev & Vekua, 1980
10 Genus †Ugandax Cooke & Coryndon, 1970
11 Genus †Brabovus Gentry, 1987
12 Genus †Simatherium Dietrich, 1941
13 Genus †Pelorovis Reck, 1925
14 Genus Syncerus Hodgson, 1847 [monotypic] - African buffalo
15 Genus †Ioribos Vekua, 1968
16 Genus †Yakopsis Kretzoi, 1954
17 Genus †Hemibos Falconer, 1865
18 Genus Bosᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - oxen
19 Genus Bubalus Smith, 1827 - Asiatic buffaloes
20 Genus †Adjiderebos Dubrovo & Burchak-Abramovich, 1984
21 Genus Bison Smith, 1827 - bison
22 Genus †Platycerabos Barbour & Schultz, 1942
23 Genus †Platybos Pilgrim, 1939
24 Genus Anoa Smith, 1827
25 Genus †Bucapra Rütimeyer, 1877
26 Genus †Epileptobos Hooijer, 1956