Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown clade] Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown clade] Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown clade] Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown clade] Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
[node-based clade] Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
[branch-based clade] Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
[branch-based clade] Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
[branch-based clade] Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
[crown clade] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Osteolepidimorpha
Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
[crown group] Neotetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
[crown clade] Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
[apomorphy-based clade] Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
[crown clade] Neodiapsida Benton 1985
[total clade] Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
[crown clade] Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
[total clade] Pan-Archosauria Gauthier 2020
[node-based clade] Archosauromorpha von Huene 1946 [Gauthier 2020]
[branch-based clade] Crocopoda Ezcurra 2016
[node-based clade] Archosauriformes Gauthier 1994 [Gauthier 2020]
[node-based clade] Crurotarsi Sereno & Arcucci 1990
[crown clade] Archosauria Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 2020]
[total clade] Pan-Aves Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Ornithodira Gauthier 1986 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
[branch-based clade] Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
[node-based clade] Dinosauriformes Novas 1992 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
[branch-based clade] Dracohors Cau 2018
[node-based clade] Dinosauria Owen 1842 [Langer, Novas, Bittencourt, Ezcurra & Gauthier 2020]
[branch-based clade] Saurischia Seeley 1888 [Gauthier, Langer, Novas, Bittencourt & Ezcurra 2020]
[node-based clade] Eusaurischia Padian et al. 1999
[branch-based clade] Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Naish, Cau, Holtz Jr., Fabbri & Gauthier 2020]
[node-based clade] Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Averostra Paul 2002
[branch-based clade] Tetanurae Gauthier 1986
[node-based clade] Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012
Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
[branch-based clade] Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
[node-based clade] Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.
[node-based clade] Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Maniraptora Gauthier 1986
Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014
[branch-based clade] Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
[branch-based clade] Avialae Gauthier 1986
Aves Linnaeus, 1758
[node-based clade] Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
[node-based clade] Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995
[node-based clade] Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001
[node-based clade] Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
[apomorphy-based clade] Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown clade] Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
Galloanserimorphae Sibley, Ahlquist & Monroe Jr., 1988
Galliformes Temminck, 1820 - fowl
Phasiani Vigors, 1825
Phasianoidea Vigors, 1825
Tetraonidae Vigors, 1825
Lagopus Brisson, 1760 - ptarmigan
Lagopus muta (Montin, 1781) - rock ptarmigan
01 Lagopus muta muta (Montin, 1781)
02 Lagopus muta millaisi Hartert, 1923
03 Lagopus muta helvetica (Thienemann, 1829)
04 Lagopus muta pyrenaica Hartert, 1921
05 Lagopus muta pleskei Serebrovsky, 1926
06 Lagopus muta nadezdae Serebrovsky, 1926
07 Lagopus muta ridgwayi Stejneger, 1884
08 Lagopus muta kurilensis Kuroda, 1924
09 Lagopus muta japonica Clark, 1907
10 Lagopus muta evermanni Elliot, 1896
11 Lagopus muta townsendi Elliot, 1896
12 Lagopus muta gabrielsoni Murie, 1944
13 Lagopus muta sanfordi Bent, 1912
14 Lagopus muta chamberlaini Clark, 1907
15 Lagopus muta atkhensis Turner, 1882
16 Lagopus muta yunaskensis Gabrielson & Lincoln, 1951
17 Lagopus muta nelsoni Stejneger, 1884
18 Lagopus muta dixoni Grinnell, 1909
19 Lagopus muta rupestris (Gmelin, 1789)
20 Lagopus muta welchi Brewster, 1885
21 Lagopus muta saturata Salomonsen, 1950
22 Lagopus muta capta Peters, 1934
23 Lagopus muta hyperborea Sundevall, 1845
24 Lagopus muta islandorum (Faber, 1822)