[plants] Haeckel (1866) - plants
   vascular plants see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
     euphyllophytes see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
       Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval. - seed plants see Clade Spermatophyta Britton & Brown 1896 [Cantino, Doyle & Donoghue 2020]
         Class Magnoliopsida Brongn. (1843)
           "Eudicots" see Clade Eudicotyledoneae Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
             "Core Eudicots" see Clade Gunneridae Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2007 [Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2020]
               Asteridae Takht. (1967) see Superorder Asteranae Takht. (1967)
                 Campanulids see Clade Campanulidae Donoghue & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue & Cantino 2020]
                   Order Asterales Link (1829)
                     Family Compositae Giseke (1792), nom. cons.
                       Subfamily Carduoideae Cass. ex Sw.
                         Tribe Cardueae Cass. (1819)
                           1 Subtribe Echinopsidinae K. Friedrich & G.D. Rowley (1976)
                           2 Subtribe Carlininae Dumort. (1827)
                           3 Subtribe Carduinae Dumort. (1827)
                           4 Subtribe Centaureineae nom. null. see Subtribe Centaureinae Dumort. (1827)