Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
   Gnathostomata
     Teleostomi
       Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
         Class Amphibia Gray, 1825 [paraphyletic]
           modern amphibian orders
             1 Order Gymnophiona Rafinesque, 1814 - caecilians
             2 Order Urodela Dumeril, 1806 see Order Caudata Scopoli, 1777
             3 ?Order †Proanura Romer, 1945 [monotypic]
             4 Order Anura Fischer von Waldheim, 1813