Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
"neomura" Cavalier-Smith 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
neokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 1993 - mitochondrial eukaryotes
neozoa Cavalier-Smith 1993
scotokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 2000
podiates Cavalier-Smith 2012 [nom. cl. nov.]
Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [nom. cl. nov.]
Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004 [nom. cl. nov.]
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002 [nom. cl. nov.]
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
[crown] Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Zittel, 1879 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Osteolepidimorpha
Tetrapoda Goodrich, 1930
Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
Amniota Haeckel, 1866 - amniotes
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Laurin 1991]
Neodiapsida Benton 1985 [Laurin 1991] {Reisz, Modesto & Scott 2011}
[crown] Sauria McCartney 1802 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
Archosauromorpha Huene 1946 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] {Laurin 1991}
Archosauria Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 1985]
Avesuchia Benton, 1999
Avemetatarsalia Benton 1999
Ornithodira Gauthier 1986
Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985
Dinosauriformes Novas 1992
Dinosauria Owen 1841
Saurischia Seeley 1887 [Gauthier 1986]
Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Gauthier 1986]
Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Averostra Paul 2002 [Paul 2002]
Tetanurae Gauthier 1986 [Gauthier 1986]
Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012 [Carrano et al. 2012]
Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999 [Sereno 1999]
Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Maniraptora Gauthier 1986 [Gauthier 1986]
Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014 [Foth et al. 2014]
Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
Avialae Gauthier 1986 [Gauthier 1986]
Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995 [Chiappe 1995]
Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001 [Chiappe 2001]
Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown] Neornithes - living birds
Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
Subcohort Galloanserae Sibley, Ahlquist & Monroe Jr., 1988 [monotypic]
Superorder Galloanserimorphaeᵀ Sibley, Ahlquist & Monroe Jr., 1988
Order Anseriformes Wagler, 1831 - waterfowl and screamers
Suborder Anseresᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - waterfowl
Superfamily Anatoidea Vigors, 1825
Family Anatidaeᵀ Vigors, 1825 - ducks, geese, swans
Subfamily †Paranyrocinae Miller & Compton, 1939 [monotypic]
1 Genus †Paranyrocaᵀ Miller & Compton, 1939