Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
[crown] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidimorpha
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
[crown] Clade Neotetrapoda
Clade Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
[crown] Clade Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
Clade Synapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier et al. 1989]
Clade Therapsida Broom, 1905
Clade Theriodontia
Clade Eutheriodontia
Clade Cynodontia Owen 1861 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
Clade Epicynodontia Hopson & Kitching 2001
Clade Eucynodontia Kemp 1982 [Rowe 1993]
Clade Probainognathia Hopson, 1990
Clade Mammaliamorpha Rowe 1988
Clade Mammaliaformesᵀ Rowe 1988
Clade Amphilestheria Gaetano & Rougier 2011
Clade Holotheria Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
[crown] Class Mammaliaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
Clade Theriimorphaᵀ Rowe 1993
Clade Theriiformesᵀ Rowe 1988
Clade Trechnotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Cladotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Zatheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Prototribosphenidaᵀ Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
Clade Boreosphenidaᵀ Luo, Cifelli & Kielan-Jaworowska 2001
[crown] Subclass Theriaᵀ Parker & Haswell, 1897
Infraclass Eutheria Gill, 1872
[crown] Cohort Placentalia Owen, 1837 - placentals
[crown] Magnorder Boreoeutheria Springer & de Jong, 2001
[crown] Superorder Laurasiatheria Waddell, Okada & Hasegawa, 1999
[crown] Clade Scrotifera Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999
[crown] Clade Fereuungulata Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999
[crown] Grandorder Ferae Linnaeus, 1758
Clade Carnivoramorpha Wyss & Flynn, 1993
Clade Carnivoraformes Flynn, Finarelli & Spaulding 2010
[crown] Order Carnivora Bowdich, 1821 - carnivores
Suborder Caniformia Kretzoi, 1943
Infraorder Canoideaᵀ "Batsch, 1788" [monotypic]
Family Canidaeᵀ Batsch, 1788 - dogs, wolves, coyotes, jackals, and foxes
Subfamily Caninaeᵀ Batsch, 1788
Tribe Vulpini Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1832
Genus Vulpesᵀ Frisch, 1775 - foxes
Vulpes vulpesᵀ (Linnaeus, 1758) - red fox
01 Vulpes vulpes vulpesᵀ (Linnaeus, 1758)
02 Vulpes vulpes abietorum Merriam, 1900
03 Vulpes vulpes alascensis Merriam, 1900
04 Vulpes vulpes alpherakyi Satunin, 1906
05 Vulpes vulpes anatolica Thomas, 1920
06 Vulpes vulpes arabica Thomas, 1902
07 Vulpes vulpes atlantica (Wagner, 1841)
08 Vulpes vulpes bangsi Merriam, 1900
09 Vulpes vulpes barbara (Shaw, 1800)
10 Vulpes vulpes beringiana (Middendorff, 1875)
11 Vulpes vulpes cascadensis Merriam, 1900
12 Vulpes vulpes caucasica Dinnik, 1914
13 Vulpes vulpes crucigera (Bechstein, 1789)
14 Vulpes vulpes daurica Ognev, 1931
15 Vulpes vulpes deletrix Bangs, 1898
16 Vulpes vulpes dolichocrania Ognev, 1926
17 Vulpes vulpes dorsalis (Gray, 1838)
18 Vulpes vulpes flavescens Gray, 1843
19 Vulpes vulpes fulvus (Desmarest, 1820)
20 Vulpes vulpes griffithi Blyth, 1854
21 Vulpes vulpes harrimani Merriam, 1900
22 Vulpes vulpes hoole Swinhoe, 1870
23 Vulpes vulpes ichnusae Miller, 1907
24 Vulpes vulpes indutus Miller, 1907
25 Vulpes vulpes jakutensis Ognev, 1923
26 Vulpes vulpes japonica Gray, 1868
27 Vulpes vulpes karagan (Erxleben, 1777)
28 Vulpes vulpes kenaiensis Merriam, 1900
29 Vulpes vulpes kurdistanica Satunin, 1906
30 Vulpes vulpes macroura Baird, 1852
31 Vulpes vulpes montana (Pearson, 1836)
32 Vulpes vulpes necator Merriam, 1900
33 Vulpes vulpes niloticus (Geoffroy, 1803)
34 Vulpes vulpes ochroxantha Ognev, 1926
35 Vulpes vulpes palaestina Thomas, 1920
36 Vulpes vulpes peculiosa Kishida, 1924
37 Vulpes vulpes pusilla Blyth, 1854
38 Vulpes vulpes regalis Merriam, 1900
39 Vulpes vulpes rubricosa Bangs, 1898
40 Vulpes vulpes schrenckii Kishida, 1924
41 Vulpes vulpes silacea Miller, 1907
42 Vulpes vulpes splendidissima Kishida, 1924
43 Vulpes vulpes stepensis Brauner, 1914
44 Vulpes vulpes tobolica Ognev, 1926
45 Vulpes vulpes tschiliensis Matschie, 1907