Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Porifera

Current position

Silicispongia ([unranked]) Schmidt, 1862

Ref: J.N.A. Hooper & R.W.M. van Soest, 2002: 1201. [indirect]

Alternative positions

Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 36).
Spongia (Phylum)	Ref: I. Eibl-Eibesfeldt et al., 1975 (1971): 588.
Symplasia (Subphylum) nom. null.	Ref: J.N.A. Hooper, 2000: 2. [misplaced]
Symplasma (Subphylum) Reiswig & Mackie, 1983	Ref: C. Nielsen, 1995

Historical positions

Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 36).
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: J.N.A. Hooper et al., 2011: 17.
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: R.M. Finks & J.K. Rigby, 2004b: 319; 6, table 1 (p. 796).
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: J.J. Sepkoski Jr., 2002: 41.
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: J.N.A. Hooper & R.W.M. van Soest, 2002: 1201, 1532, table 1 (p. 1521).
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: R.W.M. van Soest, 2001: 102.
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: 1998
Symplasma (Subphylum) Reiswig & Mackie, 1983	Ref: C. Nielsen, 1995
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: S. Bengtson, 1992: table 23.5 (p. 1017).
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: R.S. Boardman et al., 1987
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: W.D. Hartman, 1982: 659.
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 168.
Porifera (Phylum) Grant, 1836	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 319.
Spongia (Phylum)	Ref: I. Eibl-Eibesfeldt et al., 1975 (1971): 588.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	5o;17f;109g;68s;7ss; †3o;36f;196g;25s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 10 Mar 2015	[5o;19f;128g]
	R.W.M. van Soest et al.: [8 Mar 2015]	[5o;19f;128g]
2015b	M.A. Ruggiero et al.: table 2 (p. 36)	[6o]
2011	J.N.A. Hooper et al.: 17	2sc;[6o;19f] | 2*[2]sc;6*[5; †1]o
2004a	J.K. Rigby: 6	[5o;15f]; †[1o;41f];432g
2002	J.N.A. Hooper & R.W.M. van Soest	[5o;17f]
1997	TAMU	105g; †360g
1987	R.S. Boardman et al.	130g; †295g
1982	W.D. Hartman	[2sc4o16f107g]