Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia

Phylogeny

Questionably Holophyletic

Ref: J.M. Mallatt et al., 2004: 186.

Current position

Introverta ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995

Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 152.

Alternative positions

Cycloneuralia ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: K.J. Peterson & D.J. Eernisse, 2001: 172.
Ecdysozoa (Clade) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake 1997, nom. cl. inval.	Ref: J.M. Mallatt et al., 2004: 180.

Historical positions

Ecdysozoa (Clade) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake 1997, nom. cl. inval.	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: fig. 1.6 (G. Edgecombe). [out of scope (coherent)]
Introverta ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 152.
Introverta ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: D. Grimaldi & M.S. Engel, 2005: table 3.1.
Introverta ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: E.E. Ruppert et al., 2004: fig. 22.35.
Ecdysozoa (Clade) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake 1997, nom. cl. inval.	Ref: J.M. Mallatt et al., 2004: 180.
Cycloneuralia ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: K.J. Peterson & D.J. Eernisse, 2001: 172.
Introverta ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: G. Giribet et al., 2000: 557, tab. 2.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	2p;5c;33o;271f;711g;898s;6ss; †3g;2s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000	[2p]
2015	M.J. Benton: fig. 1.6 (G. Edgecombe)	[2p]
2010	E.J. van Nieukerken: 152	[2p]
2005	D. Grimaldi & M.S. Engel: table 3.1	[2p]
2004	E.E. Ruppert et al.: fig. 22.35	[2p]
2001	K.J. Peterson & D.J. Eernisse	[2p]
2000	G. Giribet et al.	[2p]