Crown clade: Colbertia O'Leary, Bloch, Flynn, Gaudin, Giallombardo, Giannini, Goldberg, Kraatz, Luo, Meng, Ni, Novacek, Perini, Randall, Rougier, Sargis, Silcox, Simmons, Spaulding, Velazco, Weksler, Wible & Cirranello 2013 (mammal)

Entity:

Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Mammalia

Phylogeny

Crown clade

Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101: "Node-based crown clade").

Defined by the most recent common ancestor (and all its descendants) of

*Loxodonta africana* (Blumenbach, 1797)		Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101).
*Orycteropus afer* (Pallas, 1766)		Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101).

Original position

Afrotheria (Clade) Stanhope, Waddell, Madsen, de Jong, Hedges, Cleven, Kao & Springer 1998

Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101). [implicit]

Original entries

*Paenungulata* (Clade) Simpson, 1945		Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101). [implicit]
*Tubulidentata* (Clade) Huxley 1872		Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101). [implicit]

Current position

Afrotheria (Clade) Stanhope, Waddell, Madsen, de Jong, Hedges, Cleven, Kao & Springer 1998

Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101). [new taxon] [implicit]

Historical positions

Afrotheria (Clade) Stanhope, Waddell, Madsen, de Jong, Hedges, Cleven, Kao & Springer 1998

Ref: M.A. O'Leary et al., 2013: table S4 (p. 101). [new taxon] [implicit]