Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Echinodermata

Current position

Crinozoa (Infraphylum) Matsumoto, 1929

Ref: F.J. Fell, 1982: 787. [implicit]

Alternative positions

Crinozoa (Subphylum) Matsumoto, 1929	Ref: F.J. Fell, 1982: 787.
Echinodermata (Phylum) Bruguière, 1789	Ref: H.G. Hansson, 2001: 337.
Pelmatozoa (Subphylum) Leuckart, 1848	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 230.
Tentaculata (Branch) Eschscholtz, 1825	Ref: E.R. Lankester, 1877: 444.

Historical positions

Echinodermata (Phylum) Bruguière, 1789	Ref: J.J. Sepkoski Jr., 2002: 277.
Echinodermata (Phylum) Bruguière, 1789	Ref: H.G. Hansson, 2001: 337.
Echinodermata (Phylum) Bruguière, 1789	Ref: 1998
Echinodermata (Phylum) Bruguière, 1789	Ref: C. Nielsen, 1995
Pelmatozoa (Subphylum) Leuckart, 1848	Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990
Crinozoa (Subphylum) Matsumoto, 1929	Ref: R.S. Boardman et al., 1987
Crinozoa (Subphylum) Matsumoto, 1929	Ref: F.J. Fell, 1982: 787.
Pelmatozoa (Subphylum) Leuckart, 1848	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 230.
Crinozoa (Subphylum) Matsumoto, 1929	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 325, 627.
Echinodermata (Phylum) Bruguière, 1789	Ref: B. Grzimek, 1973-1975
Tentaculata (Branch) Eschscholtz, 1825	Ref: E.R. Lankester, 1877: 444.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	5o;25f;85g;46s;2ss; †12o;1f;15g;3s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000	5o;25f;165g;625s; †840g
1997	TAMU	[177]g; †[1,022]g
1990	R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca	~625s
1987	R.S. Boardman et al.	1sc165g650s; †3sc~840g
1982	F.J. Fell: 787	1sc;[5o;24f;164g];623s
1877	E.R. Lankester: 444	[2o]