Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Actinopteri

Subsequent positions

Percopsacea (Division) Wiley & Johnson, 2010

Ref: E.O. Wiley & G.D. Johnson, 2010: 148.

Current position

Percopsaria (Series)

Ref: R. Betancur-R et al., 2017: 20.

Alternative positions

Actinopteri (Class) Cope, 1871	Ref: R. van der Laan et al., 2021: (4 Feb 2025); ECoF(4 Feb 2025).
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer & J.D. Fong, 2011: 31.
Actinopterygii (Subclass) Woodward, 1891	Ref: R.A. Fritzsche, 1982: 887.
Paracanthopterygii (Division) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: R. van der Laan, 2018: 72.
Paracanthopterygii (Superorder) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: J.S. Nelson et al., 2016: 287; Nelson et al., 2016: fig. (p. 279).
Percopsacea (Division) Wiley & Johnson, 2010	Ref: E.O. Wiley & G.D. Johnson, 2010: 127. [new position]

Historical positions

Paracanthopterygii (Division) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: R. van der Laan, 2018: 72.
Percopsaria (Series)	Ref: R. Betancur-R et al., 2017: 20, fig. 1.
Paracanthopterygii (Superorder) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: J.S. Nelson et al., 2016: 287, fig. (p. 279).
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer, 2004-2016: 24 Jan 2006.
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer & J.D. Fong, 2011: 31.
Percopsacea (Division) Wiley & Johnson, 2010	Ref: E.O. Wiley & G.D. Johnson, 2010: 127, 148. [new position]
Paracanthopterygii (Superorder) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: J.S. Nelson, 2006: 233.
Paracanthopterygii (Superorder) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 392.
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: 1998
Actinopterygii (Class) Woodward, 1891	Ref: W.N. Eschmeyer, 1998: 2466.
Paracanthopterygii (Superorder) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 607.
Actinopterygii (Subclass) Woodward, 1891	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1979-1984
Actinopterygii (Subclass) Woodward, 1891	Ref: R.A. Fritzsche, 1982: 887; 1115.
Paracanthopterygii (Superorder) Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers, 1966	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 684.
Teleostei (Superorder) Bonaparte, 1836	Ref: B. Grzimek, 1973-1975

Number of Subtaxa

2025	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	3f;8g;9s; †1f;6g;2s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 24 Jun 2025	[3f;8g; †1f]
2018	R. van der Laan: 72	[3f; †1f]
2017	R. Betancur-R et al.: 20	[3f]
2004-2016	W.N. Eschmeyer	[3f]
2016	J.S. Nelson et al.: 289	[3f; †1f]
2011	W.N. Eschmeyer & J.D. Fong: 31	3f
2010	E.O. Wiley & G.D. Johnson: 148	3f
2000		4s
1998	W.N. Eschmeyer	3f
1988	R.L. Carroll: 607	[3f; †1f]
1982	R.A. Fritzsche: 887	2so;3f;[5g;8s]