Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Reptilia

Subsequent positions

Carinatae (Infraclass) Merrem, 1813		Ref: P. Brodkorb, 1963: 226. [assumed]
Gaviomorphae (Superorder) B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007		Ref: B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007: 90. [assumed]

Current position

Gaviomorphae (Superorder) B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007

Ref: B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007: 90. [new position]

Alternative positions

Carinatae (Infraclass) Merrem, 1813	Ref: P. Brodkorb, 1963: 226. [new position]
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 626.
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1973 (1968): 570.

Historical positions

Gaviomorphae (Superorder) B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007	Ref: B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007: 90. [new position]
Neoaves (Clade) Sibley et al. 1988	Ref: J. Cracraft et al., 2003: 17. [inferred rank]
Tetrapoda (Clade) Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]	Ref: J. van der Land, 2001: 376. [rough position]
Aves (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1995
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: C.M. Perrins, 1991 (1990): 19, 367.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 626.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: W.J. Bock, 1982: 970.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: E. Mayr & G.W. Cottrell, 1979
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1973 (1968): 570.
Carinatae (Infraclass) Merrem, 1813	Ref: P. Brodkorb, 1963: 226. [new position]

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	1f;6g;19s;43ss; ‡3s; †1g;1s;1ss
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 6 May 2015	[1f;6g;19s;43ss; †1g]
2007	B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi	[1f]
2003	J. Cracraft et al.: 6 May 2015	[1f;6g;19s;43ss; ‡3s]
1991 (1990)	C.M. Perrins	[1f;6g];22[20]s; ‡[2s]
1988	R.L. Carroll: 626	[1f]
1982	W.J. Bock	1f;5g;20s
1973 (1968)	B. Grzimek et al.	1f4g10s
1963	P. Brodkorb	[; †1f;3g]