Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata

Phylogeny

Paraphyletic/Ancestral (para)

Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 33.

Current position

Amniota (Clade) Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]

Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 438. [implicit]

Alternative positions

Amniota (Series) Haeckel, 1866	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 438.
Amniota (Cohort) Haeckel, 1866	Ref: H.-P. Schultze et al., 1985: [1].
Gnathostomata (Superclass) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Monocondyla (Branch)	Ref: E.R. Lankester, 1877: 450.
Tetrapoda (Superclass) Goodrich, 1930	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 51).
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: A.S. Romer & T.S. Parsons, 1986: App. 1 (p. 622).

Historical positions

Chordata (Phylum) Bateson, 1885	Ref: T. Rees et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 131).
Tetrapoda (Superclass) Goodrich, 1930	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 51).
Amniota (Series) Haeckel, 1866	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 438.
ectothermic vertebrates (Clade) (Lamarck, 1801)	Ref: M. Böhme, 2010: 17.
Chordata ([unranked]) Bateson, 1885	Ref: J.J. Sepkoski Jr., 2002: 318.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: 2000
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: 1998
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: D. Lambert & the Diagram Group, 1991(1997): 89; 16.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: 1995
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990
Amniota (Clade) Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 615.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: A.S. Romer & T.S. Parsons, 1986: App. 1 (p. 622).
Amniota (Cohort) Haeckel, 1866	Ref: H.-P. Schultze et al., 1985: [1], 20.
Gnathostomata (Superclass) Gegenbaur, 1874	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: W.E. Duellman, 1982: 955.
Tetrapoda (Superclass) Goodrich, 1930	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 239.
Tetrapoda (Superclass) Goodrich, 1930	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 327, [716]-743.
Vertebrata (Subphylum) Cuvier, 1812	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1973 (1971): 584.
Monocondyla (Branch)	Ref: E.R. Lankester, 1877: 450, 452.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	35o;301f;3344g;20,060s;7724ss;1v;1; ‡2o;7f;60g;278s;65ss; †54o;314f;1654g;941s;3ss;104
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000	8240s
2020	T. Rees et al.: table 2 (p. 131)	9,339*ng;3,973[-7,459]*g; †48.9%g
[1995-]2000	P. Uetz	7,984s
[1995-]1996	P. Uetz: 30 Dec 1996	[4o;47f; †14o;194f]
1988	R.L. Carroll: 624	[4o;48f; †19o;242f]
1986	A.S. Romer & T.S. Parsons: App. 1 (p. 623)	[4o; †12o]
1982	L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz	5,000s
1982	W.E. Duellman: 955	3sc;4o;[46f]
1979	T.I. Storer et al.	~6,500s
1877	E.R. Lankester: 453	[14o]