Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Reptilia

Current position

Ciconiimorphae (Superorder) Garrod, 1874

Ref: B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007: 91.

Alternative positions

Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 626.
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1973 (1968): 574.
Passerimorphae (Superorder) Sibley et al., 1988	Ref: B.L. Monroe Jr. & C.G. Sibley, 1993: 103.
unnamed (Infraorder)	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 399.

Historical positions

Ciconiimorphae (Superorder) Garrod, 1874	Ref: B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007: 91.
unnamed (Infraorder)	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 399, box 9.4.
Neoaves (Clade) Sibley et al. 1988	Ref: J. Cracraft et al., 2003: 17. [inferred rank]
Aves (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1995
Passerimorphae (Superorder) Sibley et al., 1988	Ref: B.L. Monroe Jr. & C.G. Sibley, 1993: 103.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: C.M. Perrins, 1991 (1990): 19, 368.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 626.
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: W.J. Bock, 1982: 973.
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: E. Mayr & G.W. Cottrell, 1979
Neognathae (Superorder) Pycraft, 1900	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979
Neornithes (Subclass) Gadow, 1893	Ref: B. Grzimek et al., 1973 (1968): 574.

Number of Subtaxa

2025	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	5f;24g;57s;37ss; ‡1g;3s;1ss; †10f;17g;4s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 7 May 2015	[5f;24g;57s;37ss]
2007	B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi	[5f]
2003	J. Cracraft et al.: 7 May 2015	[3f;39g;115s;134ss; ‡1s;2ss]
1993	B.L. Monroe Jr. & C.G. Sibley	[30f];255[254]g;1022[1014]s; ‡[1g;8s]
1991 (1990)	C.M. Perrins	[6f;43g];121s
1990		29f
1988	R.L. Carroll: 626	[4f; †1f]
1982	W.J. Bock	6f