Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Chromalveolata

Phylogeny

Holophyletic

Subsequent positions

Hacrobia (Subkingdom) Okamoto, Chantangsi, Horák, Leander & Keeling, 2009

Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2010a: fig. 1.

Current position

Hacrobia ([unranked]) Okamoto, Chantangsi, Horák, Leander & Keeling, 2009

Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 78.

Alternative positions

Chromalveolata (Supergroup) Adl et al., 2005	Ref: S.M. Adl et al., 2005: 424. [inferred rank]
Chromista (Kingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1981)	Ref: O. Bánki et al., 2023: 17 Aug 2023.
chromobionts ([unranked])	Ref: J.O. Corliss, 1984: abstract.
Chromophyta (Superphylum)	Ref: S.A. Karpov, 1990
Diaphoretickes ([unranked]) Adl et al., 2012	Ref: S.M. Adl et al., 2012: table 1 (p. 430). [new position]
Euchromista (Subkingdom) Cavalier-Sm. (1993)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith et al., 1994: 11368.
Hacrobia (Subkingdom) Okamoto, Chantangsi, Horák, Leander & Keeling, 2009	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 12).
Haptista (Infrakingdom)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: 1252.
Haptophyta (Infrakingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1995)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: table 4.1 (p. 77).
Haptophytobionta (Infrakingdom)	Ref: E. Möhn, 1984
Protoctista (Kingdom) Hogg, 1860	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 80.

Historical positions

Chromista (Kingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1981)	Ref: T. Rees et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 129).
Hacrobia (Subkingdom) Okamoto, Chantangsi, Horák, Leander & Keeling, 2009	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 12).
Diaphoretickes ([unranked]) Adl et al., 2012	Ref: S.M. Adl et al., 2012: table 1 (p. 430). [new position]
Hacrobia (Subkingdom) Okamoto, Chantangsi, Horák, Leander & Keeling, 2009	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2010a: 342, fig. 1. [new position]
Hacrobia ([unranked]) Okamoto, Chantangsi, Horák, Leander & Keeling, 2009	Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 78.
Chromalveolata (Supergroup) Adl et al., 2005	Ref: S.M. Adl et al., 2005: 401, 424.
Haptophyta (Infrakingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1995)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: table 4.1 (p. 77), fig. 4.1.
Haptista (Infrakingdom)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 2004: 1252.
Haptophyta (Infrakingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1995)	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: table 7 (p. 252).
Chromophyta (Superphylum)	Ref: S.A. Karpov, 1990
chromobionts ([unranked])	Ref: J.O. Corliss, 1984: abstract.
Haptophytobionta (Infrakingdom)	Ref: E. Möhn, 1984
Protoctista (Kingdom) Hogg, 1860	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 80-81.

Number of Subtaxa

2020	T. Rees et al.: table 2 (p. 129)	690*ng;430[-544]*g; †71.9%g
2004	T. Cavalier-Smith: table 4.1 (p. 77)	[2c]
1993b	T. Cavalier-Smith: 961	[2c;4o]