Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Protostomia Grobben, 1908
Superphylum Ecdysozoa Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake, 1997
Panarthropoda Nielsen, 1995 - panarthropods
Tactopoda Budd, 2001
Phylum Arthropoda Siebold, 1848 - arthropods
Euarthropoda
Antennulata
Subphylum Mandibulata Snodgrass, 1938
Infraphylum Pancrustacea Zrzavý & Štys, 1997
Altocrustacea
Miracrustacea
Superclass Hexapoda Latreille, 1825
Cercophora
Class Insecta Linnaeus, 1758 - insects
Subclass Dicondylia Haeckel, 1866
Infraclass Pterygota Lang, 1888
Metapterygota
Neoptera Martynov, 1923
Eumetabola
Holometabola
Superorder Panorpida
Amphiesmenoptera
Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758 - butterflies, moths
Suborder Glossata Fabricius, 1775
Coelolepida Nielsen & Kristensen, 1996
Myoglossata Kristensen & Nielsen, 1981
Neolepidoptera Packard, 1895
Infraorder Heteroneura Tillyard, 1918
Eulepidoptera Kiriakoff, 1948
Ditrysia Börner, 1925
Apoditrysia Minet, 1983, sedis mutabilis
Obtectomera Minet, 1986, sedis mutabilis
Superfamily Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802, sedis mutabilis
Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815 - gossamer-winged butterflies
Subfamily Lycaeninaeᵀ Leach, 1815
Genus Lycaenaᵀ Fabricius, 1807
Lycaena abbottii (Holland, 1892)
Lycaena aditya (Moore, 1874)
Lycaena aedon Christoph, 1877
Lycaena aegagrus Christoph, 1873
Lycaena aegera Grose-Smith
Lycaena aegestis Hübner
Lycaena aegina Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lycaena aeolus Wyatt, 1961
Lycaena aetnaea Zeller, 1847
Lycaena afra Edwards, 1884
Lycaena alaina Staudinger, 1887
Lycaena albipicta Vorbrodt, 1917
Lycaena albipuncta Lawb., 1908
Lycaena albopunctata (Huene, 1901)
Lycaena allardi Oberthür, 1874
Lycaena altuiana Tutt
Lycaena amphyssina Staudinger, 1889
Lycaena andicola Godman & Salvin, 1891
Lycaena annetta Edwards, 1882
Lycaena anthracina Lang, 1884
Lycaena arcana Leech, 1890
Lycaena arcus Rott.
Lycaena ardates Moore, 1874
Lycaena ardschira Brandt, 1938
Lycaena arethusa (Dod, 1907)
Lycaena argentina (Prittwitz, 1867)
Lycaena argola Hewitson, 1876
Lycaena aricia Grum-Grshimailo, 1902
Lycaena arionides Staudinger, 1887
Lycaena artemenes Plötz, 1880
Lycaena arthurus Melvill, 1873
Lycaena asabinus Herrich-Schäffer, 1851
Lycaena asamensis Matsumura, 1929
Lycaena aster Edwards, 1882
Lycaena athamantis (Eversmann, 1854)
Lycaena atra Grum-Grshimailo, 1885
Lycaena attenuata Lucas, 1890
Lycaena aurcomicaus (Heyne, 1897)
Lycaena babhru Weeks, 1901
Lycaena balucha Moore, 1884
Lycaena baralacha (Moore, 1884)
Lycaena baroghila Tytler, 1927
Lycaena bathinia Snellen, 1899
Lycaena bellona Grum-Grshimailo, 1888
Lycaena berezowskii Grum-Grshimailo, 1902
Lycaena bergeri (Schindler, 1922)
Lycaena bilucha Moore, 1884
Lycaena bleusei Oberthür, 1884
Lycaena boldenarum White, 1862
Lycaena bracteata Butler, 1880
Lycaena buddhista Alphéraky, 1882
Lycaena caduca Butler, 1875
Lycaena caeca (Courvoisier, 1912)
Lycaena caeligena Oberthür, 1876
Lycaena calliopis Boisduval, 1833
Lycaena caudata Tutt
Lycaena celona Austaut, 1879
Lycaena centro-juncta Courvoisier, 1912
Lycaena chamanica Moore, 1884
Lycaena charlottensis (Holland, 1931)
Lycaena charybdis Staudinger, 1886
Lycaena chinensis Murray, 1874
Lycaena chlorina Skinner, 1902
Lycaena chrysaeis de Selys
Lycaena chryseis (Schiffermüller, 1776)
Lycaena chrysopis Grum-Grshimailo, 1888
Lycaena cleobis Bremer, 1861
Lycaena cogina Schaus, 1902
Lycaena confluentiamultiplex Courvoisier, 1911
Lycaena conformis Butler, 1877
Lycaena cuprotus (Olliff, 1886)
Lycaena cyane Eversmann, 1837
Lycaena cyllarus (Cramer, 1775)
Lycaena daedalus Behr, 1867
Lycaena dagmara Grum-Grshimailo, 1888
Lycaena davidi Poujade, 1885
Lycaena decidia Hewitson, 1876
Lycaena delicatula Mabille, 1877
Lycaena delsud (Wright, 1906)
Lycaena deschagati Grum-Grshimailo, 1887
Lycaena diana Miller, 1912
Lycaena difficilis Stauder, 1922
Lycaena dis Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lycaena discoelongata Vorbr.
Lycaena discojuncta Vorbr.
Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1802)
Lycaena doibosatsuzuana Kanda & Kato, 1932
Lycaena dschagatai Grum-Grshimailo, 1890
Lycaena editha (Mead, 1878)
Lycaena egyptiaca Bethune-Baker, 1894
Lycaena elvira Eversmann, 1854
Lycaena embla Edwards, 1870
Lycaena estonica Hübner
Lycaena eunomia Edwards, 1870
Lycaena euphemia Staudinger, 1887
Lycaena evansii (de Nicéville, 1902)
Lycaena exiloides Lucas, 1894
Lycaena fasciata Strecker, 1878
Lycaena feildeni (McLachlan, 1878)
Lycaena felicis Oberthür, 1886
Lycaena feredayi (Bates, 1867)
Lycaena florencia Clémence, 1914
Lycaena florenciae Tytler, 1927
Lycaena fortunata Staudinger, 1870
Lycaena fredegunda (Fruhstorfer, 1908)
Lycaena fugitiva Butler, 1881
Lycaena fulvus (Rummel, 1928)
Lycaena galathea Blanchard, 1844
Lycaena gnoma Snellen, 1876
Lycaena gordius-albescens Oberthür
Lycaena gordius-naryna Oberthür
Lycaena gorgon (Boisduval, 1852)
Lycaena gracilis Miskin, 1890
Lycaena griqua Schaus, 1902
Lycaena hakutozana Matsumura, 1927
Lycaena harae Matsumura, 1906
Lycaena hermes (Edwards, 1870)
Lycaena heteronea Boisduval, 1852
Lycaena hobartensis Miskin, 1890
Lycaena hozanensis Matsumura, 1927
Lycaena hunza Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lycaena hyacinthus Herrich-Schäffer, 1847
Lycaena hypoxanthe (Kirby, 1862)
Lycaena iburiensis Butler, 1881
Lycaena ida Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lycaena ignorata Staudinger
Lycaena imanishii Takeuchi, 1936
Lycaena indica Murray, 1874
Lycaena iris Lang, 1884
Lycaena iris Staudinger, 1886
Lycaena irmae Bailey, 1932
Lycaena ishidae Matsumura, 1929
Lycaena janigena Riley, 1922
Lycaena japhetica Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1983
Lycaena karinda Riley
Lycaena kasyapa (Moore, 1865)
Lycaena kazamoto Druce, 1875
Lycaena kiyokoae Sakai, 1978
Lycaena koa Druce, 1876
Lycaena kogistana Grum-Grshimailo, 1888
Lycaena kollari Westwood, 1852
Lycaena lactriana Gr.-Gr.
Lycaena laetifica Püngeler, 1899
Lycaena lampehe Fabricius
Lycaena lampertii Wheel.
Lycaena lampon Lederer, 1870
Lycaena lamponides (Staudinger, 1901)
Lycaena lampsie Latreille
Lycaena leela de Nicéville, 1884
Lycaena li (Oberthür, 1886)
Lycaena luana Evans, 1915
Lycaena lulu Mathew, 1889
Lycaena lycidas (Borkhausen, 1788)
Lycaena lyrnessa Hewitson, 1874
Lycaena lysizone Snellen, 1876
Lycaena magnifica Grum-Grshimailo, 1887
Lycaena mandersi (Elwes, 1890)
Lycaena mandin Elwes
Lycaena mangoensis Butler, 1884
Lycaena marcida Lederer, 1871
Lycaena mariposa (Reakirt, 1866)
Lycaena maritima Weeks, 1902
Lycaena mashuna Trimen, 1894
Lycaena mathewi Miskin, 1890
Lycaena maui (Fereday, 1877)
Lycaena mauritanica Oberthür
Lycaena mela Strecker, 1900
Lycaena melania Capronnier, 1889
Lycaena melanophlaeas Villiers & Guénée, 1835
Lycaena melanotoxa Marott, 1882
Lycaena meleager (Esper, 1779)
Lycaena melibaeus (Staudinger, 1878)
Lycaena metallica Felder & Felder, 1865
Lycaena miris Staudinger, 1881
Lycaena mirza Staudinger, 1874
Lycaena mithridates (Staudinger, 1878)
Lycaena moneta Mabille, 1890
Lycaena morgani Le Cerf, 1910
Lycaena morsheadi Evans, 1922
Lycaena muzaffar Grum-Grshimailo, 1887
Lycaena myrmecias Christoph, 1877
Lycaena nadira Moore, 1884
Lycaena nais Edwards, 1871
Lycaena napaea Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lycaena neui (Rummel, 1928)
Lycaena nigra Miskin, 1890
Lycaena nigrioreleus Verity
Lycaena nivalis (Boisduval, 1869)
Lycaena nuksani Forster, 1937
Lycaena oranigra Lucas, 1889
Lycaena orbitulus (Esper, 1800)
Lycaena orbona Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lycaena ortygia Trimen, 1887
Lycaena orus (Cramer, 1782)
Lycaena ottomana (Lefèbvre, 1830)
Lycaena ouang (Oberthür, 1891)
Lycaena pallida Miskin, 1891
Lycaena panava (Westwood, 1852)
Lycaena pang (Oberthür, 1886)
Lycaena paradoxa Guest, 1882
Lycaena parva Murray, 1874
Lycaena patago Mabille, 1885
Lycaena perparva Saalmüller, 1884
Lycaena persephatta Alphéraky, 1882
Lycaena pervulgatus Guest, 1882
Lycaena phaenicurus Lederer
Lycaena phiala Grum-Grshimailo, 1890
Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus, 1761)
Lycaena phoebus (Blachier, 1905)
Lycaena phryxis Lang, 1884
Lycaena phryxis Staudinger, 1886
Lycaena phyllis Lang, 1884
Lycaena posteroalba Tutt, 1906
Lycaena posthumus Staudinger
Lycaena pretiosa Lang, 1884
Lycaena pygmaea Snellen, 1876
Lycaena quadriocularis Saalmüller, 1884
Lycaena rauparaha (Fereday, 1877)
Lycaena reticulum Mabille, 1877
Lycaena roxane Grum-Grshimailo, 1887
Lycaena ruberrothei Weeks, 1902
Lycaena rutilans Staudinger, 1886
Lycaena salustius (Fabricius, 1793)
Lycaena saportae Hübner
Lycaena scintillata Lucas, 1889
Lycaena scylla Oberthür, 1881
Lycaena scylla Staudinger, 1887
Lycaena semilimbata Mabille, 1890
Lycaena serica Grum-Grshimailo, 1902
Lycaena serpentatoides Strand, 1924
Lycaena serrula Mabille, 1890
Lycaena snowi (Edwards, 1883)
Lycaena standfussi (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891)
Lycaena stempfferi Brandt, 1938
Lycaena subtuorufomarginata Garves & Hemming, 1928
Lycaena subtusdiscoelongata (Beuret, 1953)
Lycaena subtusfereradiata (Oberthür, 1896)
Lycaena subtusimpunctata Oberthür
Lycaena suffusa Tutt, 1896
Lycaena suldensis (Tutt, 1906)
Lycaena superba Staudinger, 1887
Lycaena suppressa Tutt
Lycaena susanus (de Nicéville, 1890)
Lycaena susanus (Swinhoe, 1889)
Lycaena sutleja Moore, 1882
Lycaena svenhedini (Nordström, 1935)
Lycaena tama (Fereday, 1878)
Lycaena tancrei Graeser, 1888
Lycaena tartarus Staudinger
Lycaena taurica Venzmer, 1921
Lycaena theages Brusio
Lycaena themis Grum-Grshimailo, 1891
Lycaena thetis Klug, 1834
Lycaena thibetensis Poujade, 1885
Lycaena timida Grum-Grshimailo, 1885
Lycaena tithonus (Hübner, 1798/1803)
Lycaena tomyris Grum-Grshimailo, 1890
Lycaena torgouta Alphéraky, 1882
Lycaena tseng (Oberthür, 1886)
Lycaena turcicus Gerhard
Lycaena turcmenica Forster, 1936
Lycaena ulysses Staudinger, 1889
Lycaena ussura Grum-Grshimailo
Lycaena venus Staudinger, 1886
Lycaena vernalis Oberthür
Lycaena vernus Zeller
Lycaena vespertilio Esper
Lycaena virgaureola (Staudinger, 1892)
Lycaena xanthoides (Boisduval, 1852)
Lycaena yankardensis M.
Lycaena yarigadakeana Matsumura, 1929
Lycaena younghusbandi Elwes, 1906
Lycaena zariaspa (Moore, 1874)