Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Craniata auct.
Infraphylum Vertebrata Lamarck, 1801 - vertebrates
Clade Pan-Gnathostomata Downs 2020
Superclass Gnathostomataᵀ Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
[crown] Clade Eugnathostomata
Clade Pan-Osteichthyes Rowe 2004 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [Moore & Near 2020]
Clade Pan-Sarcopterygii
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Clade Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson, 2006
Clade Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901 [Cloutier & Ahlberg 1996]
Clade Eotetrapodiformes Coates & Friedman, 2010
[crown] Clade Elpistostegalia Camp & Allison, 1961
Clade Stegocephali Cope 1868 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Labyrinthodontia Owen 1859 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Laurin 2020]
Clade Pan-Amniota Rowe 2004 [Laurin & Smithson 2020]
Clade Batrachosauria
Clade Amniota Haeckel 1866 [Laurin & Reisz 2020]
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Clade Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Clade Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Clade Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
Clade Neodiapsida Benton 1985
Clade Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
Clade Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
Clade Pan-Archosauria Gauthier 2020
Clade Archosauromorpha von Huene 1946 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crocopoda Ezcurra 2016
Clade Archosauriformes Gauthier 1994 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crurotarsi Sereno & Arcucci 1990
Clade Archosauriaᵀ Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 2020]
Clade Pan-Aves Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Ornithodira Gauthier 1986 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauriformes Novas 1992 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dracohorsᵀ Cau 2018
Clade Dinosauria Owen 1842 [Langer, Novas, Bittencourt, Ezcurra & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Saurischiaᵀ Seeley 1888 [Gauthier, Langer, Novas, Bittencourt & Ezcurra 2020]
Clade Eusaurischia Padian et al. 1999
Clade Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Naish, Cau, Holtz Jr., Fabbri & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Averostraᵀ Paul 2002
Clade Tetanurae Gauthier 1986
Clade Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012
Clade Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
Clade Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
Clade Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.
Clade Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Clade Maniraptora Gauthier 1986
Clade Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014
Clade Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Avialae Gauthier 1986
Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
Clade Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
Clade Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995
Clade Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001
Clade Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
Clade Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown] Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
Division Terrestrornithes B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007
Subdivision Dendrornithes Verheyen, 1961
Section Raptores Baird, 1858
Superorder Falconimorphae Seebohm, 1890
Order Strigiformes Wagler, 1830 - owls
Family Strigidaeᵀ Vigors, 1825 - owls
Subfamily Striginaeᵀ Vigors, 1825 - strange-eared owls
Genus Otus Pennant, 1769
[Otus stresemanni]
01 Otus sagittatus (Cassin, 1848) - white-fronted scops-owl
02 Otus rufescens (Horsfield, 1821) - reddish scops-owl
03 Otus icterorhynchus (Shelley, 1873) - sandy scops-owl
04 Otus ireneae Ripley, 1966 - Sokoke scops-owl
04.0 ["Otus ireniae" Ripley, 1966]
see Otus ireneae Ripley, 1966
05 Otus balli (Hume, 1873) - Andaman scops-owl
06 Otus alfredi (E. Hartert, 1897)
07 Otus spilocephalus (Blyth, 1846) - mountain scops-owl
08 Otus brookii (Sharpe, 1892) - rajah scops-owl
09 Otus angelinae (Finsch, 1912) - Javan scops-owl
10 Otus mentawi Chasen & Kloss, 1926 - Mentawai scops-owl
11 Otus bakkamoena Pennant, 1769 - collared scops-owl
11.2 [Otus lempiji (Horsfield, 1821)]
see Otus bakkamoena lempiji (Horsfield, 1821)
12 Otus fuliginosus (Sharpe, 1888) - Palawan scops-owl
13 Otus megalotis (Walden, 1875) - Philippine scops-owl
14 Otus silvicola (Wallace, 1864) - Wallace's scops-owl
15 Otus mirus Ripley & Rabor, 1968 - Mindanao scops-owl
16 Otus longicornis (Ogilvie-Grant, 1894) - Luzon scops-owl
17 Otus mindorensis (J. Whitehead, 1899) - Mindoro scops-owl
18 Otus brucei (Hume, 1872) - pallid scops-owl
19.1 Otus senegalensis (Swainson, 1837)
19.2 Otus scops (C. Linnaeus, 1758) - common scops-owl
19.3 Otus sunia (Hodgson, 1836) - oriental scops-owl
20 Otus flammeolus (Kaup, 1853) - flammulated owl
21 Otus magicus (S. Müller, 1841) - Moluccan scops-owl
22 Otus mantananensis (Sharpe, 1892) - Mantanani scops-owl
23 Otus elegans (Cassin, 1852) - elegant scops-owl
24 Otus manadensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830) - Sulawesi scops-owl
25 Otus collari Lambert & Rasmussen, 1998 - Sangihe scops-owl
26.1 Otus beccarii (Salvadori, 1876)
26.1.0 ["Otus beccari" (Salvadori, 1875)]
see Otus beccarii (Salvadori, 1876)
26.2 Otus insularis (Tristram, 1880) - seychelles owl
27 Otus umbra (Richmond, 1903) - Simeulue scops-owl
28 Otus alius Rasmussen, 1998 - Nicobar scops-owl
29 Otus pembaensis Pakenham, 1937
30 Otus pauliani Benson, 1960 - Comoro scops-owl
31 Otus capnodes (J.H. Gurney, 1889)
32 Otus moheliensis Lafontaine & Moulaert, 1998 - Moheli scops-owl
33 Otus mayottensis Benson, 1960
34 Otus madagascariensis (A. Grandidier, 1867)
35 Otus rutilus (Pucheran, 1849) - Malagasy scops-owl
36 Otus hartlaubi (Giebel, 1872) - Sao Tome scops-owl
37 Otus asio (C. Linnaeus, 1758) - eastern screech-owl
38.1 Otus kennicottii (Elliot, 1867) - western screech-owl
38.1.0 ["Otus kennicotti" (Elliot, 1867)]
see Otus kennicottii (Elliot, 1867)
38.2 Otus seductus R.T. Moore, 1941
38.3 Otus cooperi (Ridgway, 1878)
39 Otus trichopsis (Wagler, 1832) - whiskered screech-owl
40 Otus choliba (Vieillot, 1817) - tropical screech-owl
41 Otus roboratus Bangs & Noble, 1918 - West Peruvian screech-owl
42 Otus koepckeae Hekstra, 1982 - Koepcke's screech-owl
43 Otus clarkii L. Kelso & E.H. Kelso, 1935 - bare-shanked screech-owl
44 Otus barbarus (Sclater & Salvin, 1868) - Santa Barbara screech-owl
45.1 Otus ingens (Salvin, 1897) - rufescent screech-owl
45.2 Otus colombianus Traylor, 1952
45.2.0 ["Otus columbianus"]
see Otus colombianus Traylor, 1952
46.1 Otus petersoni Fitzpatrick & O'Neill, 1986
46.1.0 ["Otus peterseni"]
see Otus petersoni Fitzpatrick & O'Neill, 1986
46.2 Otus marshalli Weske & Terborgh, 1981 - cloud-forest screech-owl
47 Otus watsonii (Cassin, 1848) - tawny-bellied screech-owl
48 Otus guatemalae (Sharpe, 1875)
49 Otus vermiculatus (Ridgway, 1887) - vermiculated screech-owl
50.1 Otus hoyi C. König & Straneck, 1989
50.2 Otus atricapilla (Temminck, 1822)
50.2.0 ["Otus atricapillus" (Temminck, 1822) - variable screech-owl]
see Otus atricapilla (Temminck, 1822)
51 Otus sanctaecatarinae (Salvin, 1897) - long-tufted screech-owl
52 Otus nudipes (Daudin, 1800) - Puerto Rican screech-owl
53 Otus albogularis (Cassin, 1849) - white-throated screech-owl
n.1 [Otus podarginus (Hartlaub & Finsch, 1872) - Palau owl]
see Pyrroglaux podargina (Hartlaub & Finsch, 1872)
n.2 [Otus lawrencii (Sclater & Salvin, 1868) - bare-legged owl]
see Gymnoglaux lawrencii Sclater & Salvin, 1868
n.3 [Otus leucotis (Temminck, 1820) - white-faced scops-owl]
see Ptilopsis leucotis (Temminck, 1820)
n.4 [Otus gurneyi (Tweeddale, 1878) - giant scops owl]
see Mimizuku gurneyi (Tweeddale, 1879)