life see Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
   Eucarya Woese, Kandler & Wheelis, 1990 see Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925
     Plantae Haeckel, 1866 see Clade Embryophyta Engler 1887 [Crane & Kenrick 1997], nom. cl. inval.
       viridophytes - green plants
         streptophytes
           charophytes see Phylum Charophyta Migula (1889)
             embryophytes - land plants see Superphylum Embryophyta Engl. (1887)
               core land plants
                 polysporangiophytes see Clade Polysporangiophyta Crane & Kenrick 1997, nom. cl. inval.
                   tracheophytes - vascular plants see Phylum Tracheophyta Sinnott ex Caval.-Sm. (1998)
                     euphyllophytes see Clade Euphyllophyta Lecointre & Le Guyader 2006 [Cantino & Donoghue 2020]
                       Radiatopses Kenrick & Crane (1997) see Infraphylum Radiatopses Kenrick & Crane (1997)
                         lignophytes see Clade Lignophyta Crane & Kenrick 1997, nom. cl. inval.
                           spermatophytes - seed plants see Class Spermatopsida
                             core seed plants
                               angiosperms - flowering plants see Subclass Magnoliidae Novák ex Takht. (1967)
                                 core angiosperms see [unranked] mesangiosperms
                                   eudicots see Clade Eudicotyledoneae Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2007 [Donoghue, Doyle & Cantino 2020]
                                     core eudicots see Clade Gunneridae Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2007 [Soltis, Soltis & Judd 2020]
                                       Gunnerales Takht. ex Reveal (1992)