Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade "neomura" Cavalier-Smith 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade neokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 1993 - mitochondrial eukaryotes
Clade neozoa Cavalier-Smith 1993
Clade scotokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 2000
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
[crown] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidimorpha
Clade Tetrapoda Goodrich, 1930
[crown] Clade Neotetrapoda
Clade Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
Clade Amniota Haeckel, 1866 - amniotes
Clade Synapsida Osborn, 1903
Clade Therapsida Broom, 1905
Clade Theriodontia
Clade Eutheriodontia
Clade Cynodontia Owen 1861 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
Clade Epicynodontia Hopson & Kitching 2001
Clade Eucynodontia Kemp 1982 [Rowe 1993]
Clade Probainognathia Hopson, 1990
Clade Mammaliamorpha Rowe 1988
Clade Mammaliaformesᵀ Rowe 1988
Clade Amphilestheria Gaetano & Rougier 2011
Clade Holotheria Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
[crown] Class Mammaliaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - mammals
Clade Theriimorphaᵀ Rowe 1993
Clade Theriiformesᵀ Rowe 1988
Clade Trechnotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Cladotheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Zatheriaᵀ McKenna 1975
Clade Prototribosphenidaᵀ Wible, Rougier, Novacek, McKenna & Dashzeveg 1995
Clade Boreosphenidaᵀ Luo, Cifelli & Kielan-Jaworowska 2001
[crown] Subclass Theriaᵀ Parker & Haswell, 1897
Infraclass Eutheria Gill, 1872
[crown] Cohort Placentalia Owen, 1837 - placentals
[crown] Magnorder Boreoeutheria Springer & de Jong, 2001
[crown] Superorder Laurasiatheria Waddell, Okada & Hasegawa, 1999
[crown] Clade Scrotifera Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999
[crown] Clade Fereuungulata Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999
[crown] Grandorder Ferae Linnaeus, 1758
Clade Carnivoramorpha Wyss & Flynn, 1993
Clade Carnivoraformes Flynn, Finarelli & Spaulding 2010
[crown] Order Carnivora Bowdich, 1821 - carnivores
Suborder Caniformia Kretzoi, 1943
Infraorder Arctoidea Flower, 1869
Parvorder Pinnipedia Illiger, 1811
Superfamily Phocoidea Gray, 1821 [monotypic]
Family Phocidae Gray, 1821 - true seals
Subfamily Phocinaeᵀ Gray, 1821 - true seals, earless seals, hair seals
Tribe Phociniᵀ Gray, 1821
01 Genus †Pontophoca Kretzoi, 1941
02 Genus †Leptophoca True, 1906
03 Genus †Praepusa Kretzoi, 1941
04 Genus †Cryptophoca Koretsky & Ray, 1994
05.1.1 Genus Pagophilus Gray, 1844 [monotypic]
05.1.2 Genus Histriophoca Gill, 1873 [monotypic]
05.2.1 Genus Phocaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - harbor, ringed, harp, and ribbon seals
05.2.2 Genus Pusa Scopoli, 1777
06 Genus †Phocanella Van Beneden, 1876
07 Genus †Platyphoca Van Beneden, 1876
08 Genus †Gryphoca Van Beneden, 1876
09 Genus Erignathus Gill, 1866 [monotypic] - bearded seal
10 Genus Halichoerus Nilsson, 1820 [monotypic] - gray seal
11 Genus Cystophora Nilsson, 1820 [monotypic] - hooded seal