Natura - nature
Status: extant
actualia - actual entities
Status: extant
Mundus Plinius - physical world
Status: extant
naturalia - natural bodies
Status: extant
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Status: extant
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Period: Pre-Ediacaran - Present (4567 Ma - present); Status: extant
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Distribution: cosmopolitan (marine, brackish, freshwater & terrestrial); Status: extant
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Status: extant
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Status: extant
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
Period: Pre-Ediacaran - Present (4567 Ma - present); Status: extant
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
Status: extant
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
Status: extant
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Status: extant
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Status: extant
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Status: extant
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Distribution: cosmopolitan (marine, brackish, freshwater & terrestrial); Status: extant
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Status: extant
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Distribution: cosmopolitan (marine, brackish, freshwater & terrestrial); Status: extant
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Status: extant
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Status: extant
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Distribution: cosmopolitan (marine, brackish, freshwater & terrestrial); Status: extant
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Distribution: cosmopolitan (marine, brackish, freshwater & terrestrial); Status: extant
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Status: extant
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Status: extant
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Status: extant
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Status: extant
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Status: extant
[crown] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Status: extant
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Status: extant
Clade Osteolepidimorpha
Status: extant
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
Distribution: Palearctic/Europe (marine, freshwater & terrestrial); Status: extant
[crown] Clade Neotetrapoda
Status: extant
Clade Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Status: extant
Batrachosauria
Status: extant
[crown] Clade Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
Status: extant
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Status: extant
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Status: extant
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Status: extant
Clade Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
Status: extant
[crown] Clade Neodiapsida Benton 1985
Status: extant
Clade Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
Status: extant
[crown] Clade Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
Status: extant
Clade Pan-Testudines Joyce, Parham & Gauthier 2004 [Joyce, Parham, Anquetin, Claude, Danilov, Iverson, Kear, Lyson, Rabi & Sterli 2020]
Status: extant
Subclass Testudinata Oppel, 1811 [monotypic] - testudinates
Status: extant
[crown] Order Testudinesᵀ Wagler, 1830 - turtles
Distribution: Atlantic (marine); Status: extant
Suborder Cryptodira Cope, 1868
Distribution: Palearctic/Mediterranean; Status: extant
Superfamily Testudinoidea Batsch, 1788
Status: extant
Family Testudinidaeᵀ Batsch, 1788 - tortoises
Distribution: Africa, Europe, Asia, North, Middle & South America; Status: extant
Genus Testudoᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
Distribution: Europe, Asia; Status: extant
1.1 Testudo graecaᵀ Linnaeus, 1758 - spur-thighed tortoise
Distribution: Palearctic/Middle East; Status: vulnerable (VU)
1.2 Testudo kleinmanni Lortet, 1883 - Egyptian tortoise
Distribution: Palearctic/Middle East; Status: critically endangered (CR)
1.3 Testudo marginata Schoepff, 1793 - marginated tortoise
Distribution: Palearctic/southern Europe; Status: least concern (LC)
2 Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789 - Hermann's tortoise
Distribution: Palearctic/western Europe; Status: near threatened (NT)
3 Testudo horsfieldii Gray, 1844 - Central Asian tortoise
Distribution: southern Asia; Status: vulnerable (VU)