Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia

Phylogeny

Holophyletic

Ref: J. Zrzavý, 2001: 86.

Subsequent positions

Mesozoa (Subkingdom) van Beneden, 1876		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: 237. [assumed]
Mesozoa (Parvkingdom) van Beneden, 1876		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1993b: table 4 (p. 972).

Subsequent entries

Orthonectea (Class) Giard, 1879		Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1993b: table 4 (p. 972).
Orthonectida (Class) Giard, 1880		Ref: É. Van Beneden, 1882 [assumed]

Current position

Bilateria ([unranked]) Hatschek, 1888

Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 111.

Alternative positions

Acoelomata ([unranked])	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 178.
Bilateria (Subkingdom) Hatschek, 1888	Ref: J. Zrzavý, 2001: 82. [implicit]
Eumetazoa (Subkingdom) Butschli, 1910	Ref: H.W. Stunkard, 1982: 853.
Mesozoa (Parvkingdom) van Beneden, 1876	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1993b: table 4 (p. 972). [new position]
Mesozoa (Subkingdom) van Beneden, 1876	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: 237. [new position]
Mesozoa (Superphylum) van Beneden, 1876	Ref: J. van der Land & J. Hallan, 2001: 104. [indirect]
Mesozoa (Branch) van Beneden, 1876	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 319.
Mesozoia (Superphylum)	Ref: E. Möhn, 1984
Metazoa (Subkingdom) Haeckel, 1874	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Protozoa (Kingdom) Goldfuss, 1818	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, [1991(ined.?)]

Historical positions

Bilateria ([unranked]) Hatschek, 1888	Ref: J. van der Land, 2010: 118; 111.
organisms ([unranked])	Ref: J. van der Land & J. Hallan, 2001: 104.
Mesozoa (Subkingdom) van Beneden, 1876	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998: table 4 (p. 237). [new position]
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1998
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1995
Mesozoa (Parvkingdom) van Beneden, 1876	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1993b: 986, table 4 (p. 972). [new position]
Protozoa (Kingdom) Goldfuss, 1818	Ref: T. Cavalier-Smith, [1991(ined.?)]
Metazoa (Subkingdom) Haeckel, 1874	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Mesozoia (Superphylum)	Ref: E. Möhn, 1984
Acoelomata ([unranked])	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 178-179.
Eumetazoa (Subkingdom) Butschli, 1910	Ref: H.W. Stunkard, 1982: 853.
Mesozoa (Branch) van Beneden, 1876	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 319.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	1g;1s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000	2c;[3o];(5f;14g;103s)
1993b	T. Cavalier-Smith: table 4 (p. 972)	[2c;3o]
1982	L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz	2c
1982	H.W. Stunkard: 853	2c;[2o;4f;8g]
1979	T.I. Storer et al.	[2c]