Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Reptilia

Phylogeny

Node-based clade

Ref: L.M. Chiappe, 1996: [205].

Defined by the most recent common ancestor (and all its descendants) of

†Hesperornithiformes ([unranked]) Sharpe, 1899		Ref: L.M. Chiappe, 1991: 336, 337.
Neornithes (Clade) Gadow, 1893		Ref: L.M. Chiappe, 1991: 336, 337 ("extant birds"). [Chiappe, 1996: [205]].

Included, by definition, in node-based clade

Ornithuromorpha (Clade) Chiappe 2001

Ref: L.M. Chiappe, 2001: [126] (fig. 1).

Included, by definition, in branch-based clade

Avialae (Clade) Gauthier 1986

Ref: J. Gauthier, 1986: 36.

Branch-based clade

Ornithurae (Clade) Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}

Ref: P.C. Sereno, 1998: table 4 (p. 65).

Original entries

†Gansus yumenensis Hou & Liu, 1984

Current position

Ornithuromorpha (Clade) Chiappe 2001

Ref: K. Padian, 2004: fig. 11.8.

Alternative positions

Aves (Clade) Linnaeus 1758 [Gauthier 1986], nom. cl. inval.	Ref: P.C. Sereno, 1998: table 4 (p. 65).
Ornithuromorpha (Subclass) Chiappe, 2002	Ref: J.K. O'Connor et al., 2010: fig. 9.

Historical positions

Ornithuromorpha (Subclass) Chiappe, 2002	Ref: J.K. O'Connor et al., 2010: fig. 9.
Ornithuromorpha (Clade) Chiappe 2001	Ref: K. Padian, 2004: 225, table 11.1 (p. [214]), fig. 11.8.
Ornithuromorpha (Clade) Chiappe 2001	Ref: L.M. Chiappe, 2001: [126] (fig. 1).
Aves (Clade) Linnaeus 1758 [Gauthier 1986], nom. cl. inval.	Ref: P.C. Sereno, 1998: table 4 (p. 65), fig. 9B.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	31o;202f;2151g;9617s;7150ss;1v; ‡2o;7f;57g;261s;62ss; †10o;67f;291g;98s;3ss
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000	[31o;201f;2135g;9609s]