Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Mammalia

Included, by definition, in node-based clade

Euungulata (Clade) Waddell, Kishino & Ota 2001		Ref: P.J. Waddell et al., 2001: 148.
Fereuungulata (Clade) Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999		Ref: P.J. Waddell et al., 1999b: 50.
Scrotifera (Clade) Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999		Ref: P.J. Waddell et al., 1999b: 50.
Variamana (Clade) Springer, Murphy, Eizirik, Madsen, Scally, Douady, Teeling, Stanhope, de Jong & O'Brien 2007		Ref: M.S. Springer et al., 2007: table 5 (p. 21 note 4).

Subsequent positions

Altungulata (Mirorder) Prothero & Schoch, 1989		Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 469.
Pegasoferae (Clade) Nishihara, Hasegawa & Okada 2006		Ref: H. Nishihara et al., 2006: 9933.

Original entries

Questionably †Ancylopoda (Suborder) Cope, 1889
Questionably Ceratomorpha (Suborder) Wood, 1937
Questionably †Hallensia (Genus) Franzen & Haubold, 1986
Questionably Hippomorpha (Suborder) Wood, 1937

Subsequent entries

†Schizotheroides (Genus) Hough, 1955

Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 469.

Current position

Euungulata (Grandorder) Waddell, Kishino & Ota, 2001

Ref: G.A. Feldhamer et al., 2020: table 10.1 (p. [226]).

Alternative positions

Altungulata (Mirorder) Prothero & Schoch, 1989	Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 469. [new position]
Eutheria (Infraclass) Gill, 1872	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 644.
Euungulata (Clade) Waddell, Kishino & Ota 2001	Ref: X. Zhou et al., 2012: 152
Fereuungulata (Clade) Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999	Ref: H. Nishihara et al., 2006: 9929. [excluded]
Ferungulata (Mirorder) Simpson, 1945	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 402.
Laurasiatheria (Superorder) Waddell, Okada & Hasegawa, 1999	Ref: C.J. Burgin et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 27).
Mammalia (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: P. Grubb, 1993: 369.
Mesaxonia (Superorder) (Marsh, 1884)	Ref: G.G. Simpson, 1945
Pegasoferae (Clade) Nishihara, Hasegawa & Okada 2006	Ref: H. Nishihara et al., 2006: fig. 2. [new position]
Pegasoferae (Superorder) Nishihara, Hasegawa & Okada, 2006	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 445.
Placentalia (Infraclass) Owen, 1837	Ref: D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder, 2011: 59.
Ungulata (Subclass) (Linnaeus, 1766)	Ref: E.R. Lankester, 1877: 454.
Ungulata (Superorder) Linnaeus, 1766	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: table A-1 (p. 629) (Novacek, 1986). [by reference]

Historical positions

Laurasiatheria (Superorder) Waddell, Okada & Hasegawa, 1999	Ref: C.J. Burgin et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 27).
Pegasoferae (Superorder) Nishihara, Hasegawa & Okada, 2006	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 445.
Placentalia (Infraclass) Owen, 1837	Ref: D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder, 2011: 59.
Pegasoferae (Clade) Nishihara, Hasegawa & Okada 2006	Ref: H. Nishihara et al., 2006: 9929, 9931, 9933, fig. 2. [new position]
Fereuungulata (Clade) Waddell, Cao, Hauf & Hasegawa 1999	Ref: H. Nishihara et al., 2006: 9929. [excluded]
Euungulata (Clade) Waddell, Kishino & Ota 2001	Ref: H. Nishihara et al., 2006: 9929. [excluded]
Theria (Subclass) Parker & Haswell, 1897	Ref: P. Grubb, 2005: 629.
Ferungulata (Mirorder) Simpson, 1945	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 402, box 10.6.
Altungulata (Mirorder) Prothero & Schoch, 1989	Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 469. [new position]
Mammalia (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1995
Mammalia (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: P. Grubb, 1993: 369; 6.
Mammalia (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: R.M. Nowak, 1991
Mammalia (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill, 1991: 123.
Eutheria (Infraclass) Gill, 1872	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 644.
Ungulata (Superorder) Linnaeus, 1766	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: table A-1 (p. 629) (Novacek, 1986). [by reference]
Eutheria (Infraclass) Gill, 1872	Ref: A.S. Romer & T.S. Parsons, 1986: 626.
Eutheria (Infraclass) Gill, 1872	Ref: A.F. DeBlase, 1982: 1056-1057.
Eutheria (Infraclass) Gill, 1872	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979
Mesaxonia (Superorder) (Marsh, 1884)	Ref: R. Altevogt et al., 1973 (1972): 702.
Eutheria (Infraclass) Gill, 1872	Ref: L.B. Halstead, 1974: 172.
Mesaxonia (Superorder) (Marsh, 1884)	Ref: G.G. Simpson, 1945
Ungulata (Subclass) (Linnaeus, 1766)	Ref: E.R. Lankester, 1877: 454.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	3f;6g;16s;41ss; ‡3g;1s;4ss; †13f;236g;93s;5ss
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 28 Jan 2015	[3f;6g;16s;41ss; ‡3g; †13f;236g]
2020	C.J. Burgin et al.: table 2 (p. 27)	[3f]
2011	D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder: 59	3f
2005	P. Grubb: 636	[3f;6g;16s;41ss; ‡1s;3ss]
1997	M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell	[3f;6g; ‡3g; †11f;235g]
1993	P. Grubb	[3f];6g;18[17]s; ‡[1s]
1991	G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill	[3f;6g];16[17]s; ‡[1s]
1988	R.L. Carroll: 645	[3f; †11f]
1982	A.F. DeBlase	3f;[6g;16s](; ‡1s)
1945	G.G. Simpson:	[3f; †1f]