Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia

Current position

Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995

Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 152.

Alternative positions

Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2013: 8.
Articulata (Superphylum) Cuvier	Ref: I. Eibl-Eibesfeldt et al., 1975 (1971): 608.
Articulata ([unranked]) Cuvier
Ecdysozoa (Superphylum) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake, 1997	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 42).
Ecdysozoa (Clade) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake 1997, nom. cl. inval.	Ref: G. Giribet et al., 2000: 551.
ecdysozoans ([unranked])	Ref: J. Bergström & X.-G. Hou, 2003: fig. 10. [inferred rank]
Eucoelomata (Section)	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 323.
Eumetazoa (Subkingdom) Butschli, 1910	Ref: S.B. Peck, 1982: 729.
Metazoa (Subkingdom) Haeckel, 1874	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Metazoa (Kingdom) Haeckel, 1874
Panarthropoda (Superphylum) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: R.J. Howard et al., 2020: 1529.
Proarthropoda (Midphylum)	Ref: E. Möhn, 1984
Protostoma (Series)	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 222.
protostomes (Clade)	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1998: 298-301.

Historical positions

Panarthropoda (Superphylum) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: R.J. Howard et al., 2020: 1529, fig. 4.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: T. Rees et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 131).
Panarthropoda (Superphylum) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: C. Aria et al., 2020: fig. S4. [implicit]
Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: D.J.E. Murdock et al., 2016: 2. [implicit]
Ecdysozoa (Superphylum) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake, 1997	Ref: M.A. Ruggiero et al., 2015b: table 2 (p. 42).
Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: fig. 1.6 (G. Edgecombe). [out of scope (coherent)]
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2013: 8.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: Z.-Q. Zhang, 2011: 10.
Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: E.J. van Nieukerken, 2010: 152.
Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: D. Grimaldi & M.S. Engel, 2005: 94, table 3.1 (p. 94).
Panarthropoda (Superphylum) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: E.E. Ruppert et al., 2004: 505-510, 515-516, fig. 16.15.
ecdysozoans ([unranked])	Ref: J. Bergström & X.-G. Hou, 2003: fig. 10.
Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: K.J. Peterson & D.J. Eernisse, 2001: 172, [176]; 202.
Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: C. Nielsen, 2001: 198-205, fig. 1.2.
Ecdysozoa (Clade) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake 1997, nom. cl. inval.	Ref: G. Giribet et al., 2000: 551, tab. 2, fig. 4; 544, tab. 1.
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1998
protostomes (Clade)	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1998: 298-301.
Panarthropoda ([unranked]) Nielsen, 1995	Ref: C. Nielsen, 1995
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: 1995
Animalia (Kingdom) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990: 667-674; 4.
Proarthropoda (Midphylum)	Ref: E. Möhn, 1984
Metazoa (Subkingdom) Haeckel, 1874	Ref: R.C. van Caenegem et al., 1980: 307.
Protostoma (Series)	Ref: L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz, 1982: 222-223.
Eumetazoa (Subkingdom) Butschli, 1910	Ref: S.B. Peck, 1982: 729.
Eucoelomata (Section)	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979: 323.
Articulata (Superphylum) Cuvier	Ref: I. Eibl-Eibesfeldt et al., 1975 (1971): 608.

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	1c;1o;2f;19g;16s; †1c;2o;9f;19g;22s
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 16 Feb 2022	[1c;1o;2f; †1c;2o;9f]
2020	T. Rees et al.: table 2 (p. 131)	67*ng;48[-55]*g; †6.3%g
2013	Z.-Q. Zhang: 8	187*[183]s; †4s
2013	G. Mayer & I.S. Oliveira: 15	5*[2]f;54*g;187*s;20*nd; †3f;4g;4s
2011	Z.-Q. Zhang: 10	182*[179]s; †3s
2011	G. Mayer & I.S. Oliveira: 98	4*[2]f;52*[49]g;182*[179]s; †2f;3g;3s
2011	Z.-Q. Zhang: 10	182[179]s; †3s
2005	D. Grimaldi & M.S. Engel: 94	[1c];2f;~100s; †[1c]
1997	TAMU	24g110s
1995	C. Nielsen	~80s
1990	R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca	~80s
1982	S.B. Peck	1o;2f;[17g];70s
1982	L. Margulis & K.V. Schwartz	10g80s