Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
[crown] Clade Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
Clade neomura Cavalier-Smith, 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
Clade discaria Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade dorsates Cavalier-Smith, 2021
Clade podiates Cavalier-Smith, 2012
[crown] Clade Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [Simpson, Medina & Adl 2020]
[crown] Clade Obazoa Brown, Sharpe, Silberman, Heiss, Lang, Simpson & Roger 2013
[crown] Clade Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987 [Simpson & Medina 2020] - animal-fungal clade
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
Clade filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith, 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Clade Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Clade Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Gegenbaur, 1874 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Clade Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
[crown] Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Clade Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Clade Osteolepidimorpha
Clade Tetrapoda Hatschek & Cori 1896 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
[crown] Clade Neotetrapoda
Clade Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
[crown] Clade Amniota Haeckel, 1866 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] - amniotes
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Clade Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2020]
[crown] Clade Neodiapsida Benton 1985
Clade Pan-Archelosauria W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021, sedis mutabilis
[crown] Clade Archelosauria N.G. Crawford, J.F. Parham, A.B. Sellas, B.C. Faircloth, T.C. Glenn, T.J. Papenfuss, ..., W.B. Simison 2015 [W.G. Joyce, J. Anquetin, E. Cadena, J. Claude, I.G. Danilov, S.W. Evers, ..., J.F. Parham 2021]
Clade Pan-Archosauria Gauthier 2020
Clade Archosauromorpha von Huene 1946 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crocopoda Ezcurra 2016
Clade Archosauriformes Gauthier 1994 [Gauthier 2020]
Clade Crurotarsi Sereno & Arcucci 1990
[crown] Clade Archosauriaᵀ Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 2020]
Clade Pan-Aves Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Ornithodira Gauthier 1986 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dinosauriformes Novas 1992 [M. Ezcurra, S. Nesbitt, M. Bronzati, F. Dalla Vecchia, F. Agnolin, R. Benson, ..., M. Langer 2020]
Clade Dracohorsᵀ Cau 2018
Clade Dinosauria Owen 1842 [Langer, Novas, Bittencourt, Ezcurra & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Saurischia Seeley 1888 [Gauthier, Langer, Novas, Bittencourt & Ezcurra 2020]
Clade Eusaurischia Padian et al. 1999
Clade Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Naish, Cau, Holtz Jr., Fabbri & Gauthier 2020]
Clade Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Averostraᵀ Paul 2002
Clade Tetanurae Gauthier 1986
Clade Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012
Clade Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
Clade Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
Clade Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999, nom. cl. inval.
Clade Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Clade Maniraptora Gauthier 1986
Clade Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014
Clade Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
Clade Avialae Gauthier 1986
Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
Clade Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
Clade Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995
Clade Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001
Clade Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
Clade Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown] Clade Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
Division Terrestrornithes B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007
Subdivision Dendrornithes Verheyen, 1961
Section Anomalogonates Garrod, 1874
Subsection Pico-clamatores B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007
Superorder Passerimorphae Sibley et al., 1988
Order Passeriformesᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
Suborder Passeresᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
Parvorder Passeridaᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758) Sibley et al., 1988
Superfamily Passeroideaᵀ
Family Thraupidae Cabanis, 1847 - tanagers
01 Genus Orchesticus Cabanis, 1851 [monotypic]
02 Genus Schistochlamys Reichenbach, 1850
03 Genus Cissopis Vieillot, 1816 [monotypic]
04 Genus Conothraupis P.L. Sclater, 1880
05 Genus Lamprospiza Cabanis, 1847 [monotypic]
06 Genus Compsothraupis Richmond, 1915 [monotypic]
07 Genus Sericossypha Lesson, 1844 [monotypic]
08 Genus Nemosia Vieillot, 1816
09 Genus Creurgops P.L. Sclater, 1858
10 Genus Mitrospingus Ridgway, 1898
11 Genus Orthogonys Strickland, 1844 [monotypic]
12 Genus Hemispingus Cabanis, 1851
13 Genus Cnemoscopus Bangs & Penard, 1919
14 Genus Thlypopsis Cabanis, 1851
15 Genus Pyrrhocoma Cabanis, 1851 [monotypic]
16 Genus Cypsnagra Lesson, 1831 [monotypic]
17 Genus Nephelornis Lowery & Tallman, 1976 [monotypic]
18 Genus Trichothraupis Cabanis, 1850 [monotypic]
19 Genus Eucometis P.L. Sclater, 1856
20 Genus Tachyphonus Vieillot, 1816
21 Genus Lanio Vieillot, 1816
22 Genus Ramphocelus Desmarest, 1805
23 Genus Thraupisᵀ Boie, 1826
24 Genus Calochaetes P.L. Sclater, 1879 [monotypic]
25 Genus Cyanicterus Bonaparte, 1850 [monotypic]
26 Genus Bangsia Penard, 1919
27 Genus Wetmorethraupis Lowery & O'Neill, 1964 [monotypic]
28 Genus Buthraupis Cabanis, 1850[1851]
29 Genus Anisognathus Reichenbach, 1850
30 Genus Chlorornis Reichenbach, 1850 [monotypic]
31 Genus Dubusia Bonaparte, 1850
32 Genus Delothraupis P.L. Sclater, 1886 [monotypic]
33 Genus Stephanophorus Strickland, 1841 [monotypic]
34 Genus Iridosornis Lesson, 1844
35 Genus Pipraeidea Swainson, 1827 [monotypic]
36 Genus Neothraupis Hellmayr, 1936 [monotypic]
37 Genus Chlorochrysa Bonaparte, 1851
38 Genus Tangara Brisson, 1760
39 Genus Tersina Vieillot, 1819 [monotypic]
40.1 Genus Dacnis Cuvier, 1817
40.2 Genus Cyanerpes Oberholser, 1899
40.3 Genus Chlorophanes Reichenbach, 1853 [monotypic]
41 Genus Iridophanes Ridgway, 1901 [monotypic]
42 Genus Heterospingus Ridgway, 1898
43 Genus Hemithraupis Cabanis, 1850
44 Genus Chrysothlypis Berlepsch, 1910[1911]
45 Genus Xenodacnis Cabanis, 1873 [monotypic]
46 Genus Conirostrum d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1838
47 Genus Oreomanes P.L. Sclater, 1860 [monotypic]
48 Genus Diglossa Wagler, 1832