Natura - nature
actualia - actual entities
Mundus Plinius - physical world
naturalia - natural bodies
Biota Wagner 2004 [Wiemann, de Queiroz, Rowe, Planavsky, Anderson, Gogarten, Turner & Gauthier 2020]
"neomura" Cavalier-Smith 1987
Domain Eukaryota Chatton, 1925 - eukaryotes
neokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 1993 - mitochondrial eukaryotes
neozoa Cavalier-Smith 1993
scotokaryotes Cavalier-Smith 2000
podiates Cavalier-Smith 2012 [nom. cl. nov.]
Amorphea Adl et al. 2012 [nom. cl. nov.]
Opisthokonta Cavalier-Smith 1987
Superkingdom Holozoa Lang, O'Kelly, Nerad, Gray & Burger, 2002
filozoa Shalchian-Tabrizi, Minge, Espelund, Orr, Ruden, Jakobsen & Cavalier-Smith 2008
Kingdom Animalia Linnaeus, 1758 - animals
Planulozoa Wallberg, Thollesson, Farris & Jondelius 2004 [nom. cl. nov.]
Subkingdom Bilateria Hatschek, 1888 - bilaterians
Nephrozoa Jondelius, Ruiz-Trillo, Baguñà & Riutort 2002 [nom. cl. nov.]
Infrakingdom Deuterostomia Grobben, 1908
Phylum Chordata Bateson, 1885 - chordates
Subphylum Vertebrata Cuvier, 1812 - vertebrates
[crown] Myopterygii - myopterygians
Superclass Gnathostomata Zittel, 1879 - jawed vertebrates
Grade Teleostomi Bonaparte, 1836
Euteleostomi - bony vertebrates
Sarcopterygii Romer, 1955
Rhipidistia Cope, 1887
Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg, 1991
Osteolepidimorpha
Tetrapoda Goodrich, 1930
Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh, 1934
Batrachosauria
Amniota Haeckel, 1866 - amniotes
Class Reptilia Linnaeus, 1758 - reptiles
Eureptilia Olson, 1947
Romeriida Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe, 1988
Diapsida Osborn 1903 [Laurin 1991]
Neodiapsida Benton 1985 [Laurin 1991] {Reisz, Modesto & Scott 2011}
[crown] Sauria McCartney 1802 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988]
Archosauromorpha Huene 1946 [Gauthier, Kluge & Rowe 1988] {Laurin 1991}
Archosauria Cope 1869 [Gauthier & Padian 1985]
Avesuchia Benton, 1999
Avemetatarsalia Benton 1999
Ornithodira Gauthier 1986
Dinosauromorpha Benton 1985
Dinosauriformes Novas 1992
Dinosauria Owen 1841
Saurischia Seeley 1887 [Gauthier 1986]
Theropoda Marsh 1881 [Gauthier 1986], nom. cl. inval.
Neotheropoda Bakker 1986 [Sereno 1998]
Averostra Paul 2002 [Paul 2002]
Tetanurae Gauthier 1986 [Gauthier 1986]
Orionides Carrano, Benson & Sampson 2012 [Carrano et al. 2012]
Avetheropoda Paul 1988 [Padian et al. 1999]
Coelurosauria Huene 1914 [Gauthier 1986]
Tyrannoraptora Sereno 1999 [nom. cl. nov.], nom. cl. inval.
Maniraptoriformes Holtz 1995 [Holtz 1996]
Maniraptora Gauthier 1986 [Gauthier 1986]
Pennaraptora Foth et al. 2014 [Foth et al. 2014]
Paraves Sereno 1997 [Sereno 1998]
Avialae Gauthier 1986 [Gauthier 1986]
Subclass Aves Linnaeus, 1758
Pygostylia Chatterjee 1997 [Chiappe 2001]
Ornithothoraces Chiappe 1995 [Chiappe 1995]
Ornithuromorpha Chiappe 2001 [Chiappe 2001]
Ornithurae Haeckel 1866 [Gauthier 1986] {Chiappe 1991}
Carinatae Merrem 1813 [Gauthier & de Queiroz 2001]
[crown] Neornithes Gadow, 1893 - living birds
Cohort Neognathae Pycraft, 1900
Subcohort Neoaves Sibley et al., 1988
Division Terrestrornithes B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007
Subdivision Dendrornithes Verheyen, 1961
Section Anomalogonates Garrod, 1874
Subsection Pico-clamatores B.C. Livezey & R.L. Zusi, 2007
Superorder Passerimorphae Sibley et al., 1988
Order Passeriformesᵀ Linnaeus, 1758
Suborder Passeresᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758) C. Linnaeus, 1766
Parvorder Passeridaᵀ (C. Linnaeus, 1758) Sibley et al., 1988
Superfamily Passeroideaᵀ
Family Thraupidae Cabanis, 1847 - tanagers
01 Genus Orchesticus Cabanis, 1851 [monotypic]
02 Genus Schistochlamys Reichenbach, 1850
03 Genus Cissopis Vieillot, 1816 [monotypic]
04 Genus Conothraupis P.L. Sclater, 1880
05 Genus Lamprospiza Cabanis, 1847 [monotypic]
06 Genus Compsothraupis Richmond, 1915 [monotypic]
07 Genus Sericossypha Lesson, 1844 [monotypic]
08 Genus Nemosia Vieillot, 1816
09 Genus Creurgops P.L. Sclater, 1858
10 Genus Mitrospingus Ridgway, 1898
11 Genus Orthogonys Strickland, 1844 [monotypic]
12 Genus Hemispingus Cabanis, 1851
13 Genus Cnemoscopus Bangs & Penard, 1919
14 Genus Thlypopsis Cabanis, 1851
15 Genus Pyrrhocoma Cabanis, 1851 [monotypic]
16 Genus Cypsnagra Lesson, 1831 [monotypic]
17 Genus Nephelornis Lowery & Tallman, 1976 [monotypic]
18 Genus Trichothraupis Cabanis, 1850 [monotypic]
19 Genus Eucometis P.L. Sclater, 1856
20 Genus Tachyphonus Vieillot, 1816
21 Genus Lanio Vieillot, 1816
22 Genus Ramphocelus Desmarest, 1805
23 Genus Thraupisᵀ Boie, 1826
24 Genus Calochaetes P.L. Sclater, 1879 [monotypic]
25 Genus Cyanicterus Bonaparte, 1850 [monotypic]
26 Genus Bangsia Penard, 1919
27 Genus Wetmorethraupis Lowery & O'Neill, 1964 [monotypic]
28 Genus Buthraupis Cabanis, 1850[1851]
29 Genus Anisognathus Reichenbach, 1850
30 Genus Chlorornis Reichenbach, 1850 [monotypic]
31 Genus Dubusia Bonaparte, 1850
32 Genus Delothraupis P.L. Sclater, 1886 [monotypic]
33 Genus Stephanophorus Strickland, 1841 [monotypic]
34 Genus Iridosornis Lesson, 1844
35 Genus Pipraeidea Swainson, 1827 [monotypic]
36 Genus Neothraupis Hellmayr, 1936 [monotypic]
37 Genus Chlorochrysa Bonaparte, 1851
38 Genus Tangara Brisson, 1760
39 Genus Tersina Vieillot, 1819 [monotypic]
40.1 Genus Dacnis Cuvier, 1817
40.2 Genus Cyanerpes Oberholser, 1899
40.3 Genus Chlorophanes Reichenbach, 1853 [monotypic]
41 Genus Iridophanes Ridgway, 1901 [monotypic]
42 Genus Heterospingus Ridgway, 1898
43 Genus Hemithraupis Cabanis, 1850
44 Genus Chrysothlypis Berlepsch, 1910[1911]
45 Genus Xenodacnis Cabanis, 1873 [monotypic]
46 Genus Conirostrum d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1838
47 Genus Oreomanes P.L. Sclater, 1860 [monotypic]
48 Genus Diglossa Wagler, 1832