Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Mammalia - (Order) Pholidota - (Family) Manidae

Original position

Bruta (Order) Linnaeus, 1758

Subsequent positions

Maninae (Subfamily) Gray, 1821

Original entries

Manis pentadactyla Linnaeus, 1758

Current position

Maninae (Subfamily) Gray, 1821

Ref: T.J. Gaudin et al., 2009: table 1 (p. 277).

Alternative positions

Bruta (Order) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: [von] Linné, C., 1766: 52.
Manidae (Family) Gray, 1821	Ref: D.A. Schlitter, 2005: 530.

Historical positions

Maninae (Subfamily) Gray, 1821	Ref: T.J. Gaudin et al., 2009: abstract.
Manidae (Family) Gray, 1821	Ref: D.A. Schlitter, 2005: 530.
Maninae (Subfamily) Gray, 1821	Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 221.
Manidae (Family) Gray, 1821	Ref: D.A. Schlitter, 1993: 415.
Manidae (Family) Gray, 1821	Ref: G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill, 1991: 136.
Manidae (Family) Gray, 1821	Ref: A.F. DeBlase, 1982: 1035.
Pholidota (Order) Weber, 1904	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979
Manidae (Family) Gray, 1821	Ref: I. Eibl-Eibesfeldt et al., 1974: 580.
Effodientia (Order)	Ref: E.R. Lankester, 1877: 454. [rough position]
Bruta (Order) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: C. a Linné, 1766: 26, 52.
Bruta (Order) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: C. Linnaeus, 1758: 18, 36. [new position]

Number of Subtaxa

2024	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	4s;3ss
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 10 Oct 2014	[4s;3ss]
2005	D.A. Schlitter: 531	[8s;5ss]
1993	D.A. Schlitter	[7s]
1991	G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill	[3s]
1982	A.F. DeBlase	7s
1758	C. Linnaeus	[1s]