Concise hierarchy

(Kingdom) Animalia - (Phylum) Chordata - (Class) Mammalia - (Order) Carnivora

Subsequent positions

Cynoidea (Infraorder) Flower, 1869

Original entries

Questionably †Borophaginae (Subfamily) Simpson, 1945
Questionably Caninae (Subfamily) Batsch, 1788
Questionably †Hesperocyoninae (Subfamily) Martin, 1989
Questionably †Procynodictis (Genus) Wortman & Matthew, 1899
Questionably †Prohesperocyon (Genus) Wang, 1994

Current position

Canoidea (Infraorder) "Batsch, 1788"

Ref: C.J. Burgin et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 27).

Alternative positions

Arctoidea (Superfamily) Flower, 1869	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 634.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 445.
Canoidea (Superfamily) Batsch, 1788	Ref: A.F. DeBlase, 1982: 1040.
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: W.C. Wozencraft, 1993: 279.
Cynoidea (Infraorder) Flower, 1869	Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 243.

Historical positions

Canoidea (Infraorder) "Batsch, 1788"	Ref: C.J. Burgin et al., 2020: table 2 (p. 27).
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2015: 445.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder, 2011: 59.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: M.J. Benton, 2005: 402.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: W.C. Wozencraft, 2005: 573.
Caniformia (Suborder) Kretzoi, 1943	Ref: A. Turner, 1997
Cynoidea (Infraorder) Flower, 1869	Ref: M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell, 1997: 243.
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: 1995
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: W.C. Wozencraft, 1993: 279; 5.
Carnivora (Order) Bowdich, 1821	Ref: G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill, 1991: 101.
Mammalia (Class) Linnaeus, 1758	Ref: R.C. Brusca & G.J. Brusca, 1990 [indirect]
Arctoidea (Superfamily) Flower, 1869	Ref: R.L. Carroll, 1988: 634.
Canoidea (Superfamily) Batsch, 1788	Ref: A.F. DeBlase, 1982: 1040-1041.
Fissipedia (Suborder) (Blumenbach, 1791)	Ref: T.I. Storer et al., 1979
Cynofeloidea (Superfamily)	Ref: B. Grzimek, 1973-1975

Number of Subtaxa

2025	Available in Systema Naturae 2000	12g;34s;203ss;259v; ‡1g;1s;1ss;1v; †33g;30s;2ss
1989-present	Systema Naturae 2000: 3 Dec 2014	[12g;34s;203ss; ‡1g; †33g]
2011	D.E. Wilson & D.M. Reeder: 59	13g;35s
2005	W.C. Wozencraft: 586	[12g;34s;205ss]
1997	M.C. McKenna & S.K. Bell	[13g; ‡1g; †32g]
1993	W.C. Wozencraft	14[13]g;34[33]s; ‡[1g;1s]
1991	G.B. Corbet & J.E. Hill	[11g];~35[34]s; ‡[1s]
1982	A.F. DeBlase	13[14]g